IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v254y2022ipbs0360544222012099.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

On the effects of the fuel injection phase on heat release and soot formation in counterflow flames

Author

Listed:
  • Lopez, Luis
  • Giusti, Andrea
  • Gutheil, Eva
  • Olguin, Hernan

Abstract

Total rates of heat release, ω̇T,tot, and soot emission, ω̇Ys,tot, are studied in ethanol-N2/air and n-butanol-N2/air counterflow flames. A gas flame is first established as a base case and fractions of the gaseous fuel are then replaced by droplets and nitrogen, keeping the total fuel mass flux constant. Several values of the liquid to total fuel mass ratio, φl, are employed, covering the entire range from a gas flame to a spray flame (0 ≤ φl ≤ 1). Different initial droplet radii, R0, are considered, as well as both low and close to extinction strain rates. Results show qualitative similarities for both fuels, even though quantitative differences are observed. In general, ethanol flames release more heat and less soot than n-butanol flames. For low strain rates, φl = 1 leads to lower soot emissions than for the reference gas flame, independently of R0. Also, ω̇T,tot is higher for R0 = 25 and 40 μm. Close to extinction, increasing φl notoriously improved ω̇T,tot without considerably raising ω̇Ys,tot for R0 = 25 μm. Also, for R0 = 40 μm, there are some particular values of φl for which similar situations occur. These results show that the fuel injection phase plays an important role in optimizing combustion processes.

Suggested Citation

  • Lopez, Luis & Giusti, Andrea & Gutheil, Eva & Olguin, Hernan, 2022. "On the effects of the fuel injection phase on heat release and soot formation in counterflow flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:254:y:2022:i:pb:s0360544222012099
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.124306
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544222012099
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2022.124306?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jia, Huiqiao & Qian, Xiang & Li, Jiarui & Yang, Jinling & Zou, Chun & Cao, Shiying & Yao, Hong, 2021. "The effects of O2 concentrations on the ignition and MILD combustion of intensely diluted C2H6 in a counterflow jets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    2. Xu, Lei & Yan, Fuwu & Zhou, Mengxiang & Wang, Yu, 2021. "An experimental and modeling study on sooting characteristics of laminar counterflow diffusion flames with partial premixing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    3. Jia, Huiqiao & Zou, Chun & Lu, Lixin & Zheng, Hangfei & Qian, Xiang & Yao, Hong, 2018. "Ignition of CH4 intensely diluted with N2 and CO2 versus hot air in a counterflow jets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 315-325.
    4. Cheong, Kin-Pang & Li, Pengfei & Wang, Feifei & Mi, Jianchun, 2017. "Emissions of NO and CO from counterflow combustion of CH4 under MILD and oxyfuel conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 652-664.
    5. Ku, Jae Won & Choi, Sun & Kim, Hee Kyung & Lee, Seungro & Kwon, Oh Chae, 2018. "Extinction limits and structure of counterflow nonpremixed methane-ammonia/air flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PA), pages 314-325.
    6. Edalati-nejad, Ali & Fanaee, Sayyed Aboozar & Khadem, Javad, 2019. "The unsteady investigation of methane-air premixed counterflow flame into newly proposed plus-shaped channel over palladium catalyst," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Chen, Ningguang & Gan, Yunhua & Shi, Dunfeng & Luo, Yanlai & Jiang, Zhengwei, 2023. "Experimental investigation on the electrospray counterflow flame in a small combustor with a porous media as the grounding electrode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jia, Huiqiao & Qian, Xiang & Li, Jiarui & Yang, Jinling & Zou, Chun & Cao, Shiying & Yao, Hong, 2021. "The effects of O2 concentrations on the ignition and MILD combustion of intensely diluted C2H6 in a counterflow jets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    2. Cheong, Kin-Pang & Wang, Guochang & Si, Jicang & Mi, Jianchun, 2021. "Nonpremixed MILD combustion in a laboratory-scale cylindrical furnace: Occurrence and identification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    3. Li, Bo & Shi, Baolu & Chu, Qingzhao & Zhao, Xiaoyao & Li, Junwei & Wang, Ningfei, 2019. "Characteristics of stoichiometric CH4/O2/CO2 flame up to the pure oxygen condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 151-159.
    4. Tian, Ye & Zhou, Xiong & Ji, Xuanyu & Bai, Jisong & Yuan, Liang, 2019. "Applying moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution combustion to a co-axial-jet I-shaped recuperative radiant tube for further performance enhancement," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 149-160.
    5. Jozaalizadeh, Toomaj & Toghraie, Davood, 2019. "Numerical investigation behavior of reacting flow for flameless oxidation technology of MILD combustion: Effect of fluctuating temperature of inlet co-flow," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 530-537.
    6. Yang, Xiao & He, Zhihong & Qiu, Penghua & Dong, Shikui & Tan, Heping, 2019. "Numerical investigations on combustion and emission characteristics of a novel elliptical jet-stabilized model combustor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 1082-1097.
    7. Yang, Ke & Chen, Kaifeng & Ji, Hong & Xing, Zhixiang & Hao, Yongmei & Wu, Jie & Jiang, Juncheng, 2021. "Experimental study on the effect of modified attapulgite powder with different outlet blockage ratios on methane-air explosion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    8. Wang, Feifei & Li, Pengfei & Mi, Jianchun & Wang, Jinbo, 2018. "A refined global reaction mechanism for modeling coal combustion under moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 764-777.
    9. Kang, Yinhu & Wang, Qiang & Zhang, Pengyuan & Liu, Congcong & Lu, Xiaofeng & Wang, Quanhai, 2020. "Study on flame structure and extinction mechanism of dimethyl ether spherical diffusion flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    10. Lee, Seungro & Shin, Cheol Hee & Choi, Sun & Kwon, Oh Chae, 2018. "Characteristics of NOx emissions of counterflow nonpremixed water-laden methane/air flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 523-535.
    11. Xu, Cangsu & Wang, Hanyu & Oppong, Francis & Li, Xiaolu & Zhou, Kangquan & Zhou, Wenhua & Wu, Siyuan & Wang, Chongming, 2020. "Determination of laminar burning characteristics of a surrogate for a pyrolysis fuel using constant volume method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    12. Luo, Jianbin & Liu, Zhonghang & Wang, Jie & Xu, Hongxiang & Tie, Yuanhao & Yang, Dayong & Zhang, Zhiqing & Zhang, Chengtao & Wang, Haijiao, 2022. "Investigation of hydrogen addition on the combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of a heavy-duty engine fueled with diesel/natural gas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    13. Jia, Huiqiao & Zou, Chun & Lu, Lixin & Qian, Xiang & Yao, Hong, 2019. "Ignition of CH4 intensely diluted with CO2 versus hot O2/CO2 with high oxygen concentration in a counterflow jets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 412-420.
    14. Qi, Chang & Ding, Jianfei & Wang, Yue & Ning, Ye & Wang, Yalei & Liang, He & Yan, Xingqing & Yu, Jianliang, 2023. "Investigation of the upper flammability limit of ethylene/propane mixtures in air at high temperatures and pressures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    15. Cheong, Kin-Pang & Wang, Guochang & Wang, Bo & Zhu, Rong & Ren, Wei & Mi, Jianchun, 2019. "Stability and emission characteristics of nonpremixed MILD combustion from a parallel-jet burner in a cylindrical furnace," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 1181-1190.
    16. Fordoei, E. Ebrahimi & Mazaheri, Kiumars & Mohammadpour, Amirreza, 2021. "Numerical study on the heat transfer characteristics, flame structure, and pollutants emission in the MILD methane-air, oxygen-enriched and oxy-methane combustion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    17. Ku, J.W. & Ahn, Y.J. & Kim, H.K. & Kim, Y.H. & Kwon, O.C., 2020. "Propagation and emissions of premixed methane-ammonia/air flames," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
    18. Tu, Yaojie & Xu, Mingchen & Zhou, Dezhi & Wang, Qingxiang & Yang, Wenming & Liu, Hao, 2019. "CFD and kinetic modelling study of methane MILD combustion in O2/N2, O2/CO2 and O2/H2O atmospheres," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 1003-1013.
    19. Shaker, Ahmad & Fordoei, E. Ebrahimi & Boyaghchi, Fateme Ahmadi, 2023. "Study of NO emission from CH4-air, oxygen-enriched, and oxy-CH4 combustion under HTC and MILD regimes: Impact of wall thermal condition in different oxidant temperature and dilution level," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    20. Qin, Mingyuan & Chew, Bee Teng & Yau, Yat Huang & Wang, Xinru & Wang, Chunqing & Luo, Xueqing & Li, Lei & Pan, Song, 2023. "Emergency heater based on gas-fired catalytic combustion infrared technology: Structure, evaluation and thermal response," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:254:y:2022:i:pb:s0360544222012099. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.