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External load resistance effect on the free piston expander-linear generator for organic Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system

Author

Listed:
  • Hou, Xiaochen
  • Zhang, Hongguang
  • Xu, Yonghong
  • Yu, Fei
  • Zhao, Tenglong
  • Tian, Yaming
  • Yang, Yuxin
  • Zhao, Rui

Abstract

For this study, a test rig of free piston expander-linear generator (FPE-LG) for organic Rankine cycle (ORC) waste heat recovery system is built. Based on the free piston expander-linear generator test rig, an experiment of external load resistance effect on the motion characteristics, indicated efficiency, output performance and energy conversion efficiency of the free piston expander-linear generator is conducted. The displacement and velocity of the free piston assembly increase with the external load resistance. The indicated efficiency of the free piston expander (left cylinder) decreases with the external load resistance. As the external load resistance and intake pressure increase, the peak voltage output of the free piston expander-linear generator increases. The maximum peak voltage output is 44.4 V when the intake pressure is 3.0 bar, the operating frequency is 1.5 Hz and the external load resistance is 40 Ω. The peak power output of the free piston expander-linear generator initially shows a non-linear relation increase with external load resistance and tends to stabilize in the end. When the intake pressure is 3.0 bar, the operating frequency is 1.5 Hz and the external load resistance is 30 Ω, the maximum peak power output of 110 W can be achieved. The energy conversion efficiency of the free piston expander-linear generator increases gradually with growing of the intake pressure and external load resistance until the energy conversion efficiency reaches the maximal value, and then the energy conversion efficiency decreases with the intake pressure and external load resistance. The maximum energy conversion efficiency can reach up to 73.33%.

Suggested Citation

  • Hou, Xiaochen & Zhang, Hongguang & Xu, Yonghong & Yu, Fei & Zhao, Tenglong & Tian, Yaming & Yang, Yuxin & Zhao, Rui, 2018. "External load resistance effect on the free piston expander-linear generator for organic Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 1252-1261.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:212:y:2018:i:c:p:1252-1261
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.01.020
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    Cited by:

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    7. Ngwaka, Ugochukwu & Jia, Boru & Lawrence, Christopher & Wu, Dawei & Smallbone, Andrew & Roskilly, Anthony Paul, 2019. "The characteristics of a Linear Joule Engine Generator operating on a dry friction principle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C), pages 49-59.
    8. Wronski, Jorrit & Imran, Muhammad & Skovrup, Morten Juel & Haglind, Fredrik, 2019. "Experimental and numerical analysis of a reciprocating piston expander with variable valve timing for small-scale organic Rankine cycle power systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C), pages 403-416.
    9. Xu, Yonghong & Tong, Liang & Zhang, Hongguang & Hou, Xiaochen & Yang, Fubin & Yu, Fei & Yang, Yuxin & Liu, Rong & Tian, Yaming & Zhao, Tenglong, 2018. "Experimental and simulation study of a free piston expander–linear generator for small-scale organic Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 776-791.
    10. Li, Jian & Yang, Fubin & Zhang, Hongguang & Wu, Zhong & Tian, Yaming & Hou, Xiaochen & Xu, Yonghong & Ren, Jing, 2020. "Comparative analysis of different valve timing control methods for single-piston free piston expander-linear generator via an orthogonal experimental design," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    11. Wu, Zhong & Zhang, Hongguang & Liu, Zhongliang & Tian, Guohong & Hou, Xiaochen & Yang, Fubin, 2022. "Force and energy analysis of single-piston free-piston expander—linear generator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    12. Hou, Xiaochen & Zhang, Hongguang & Zhao, Tenglong & Xu, Yonghong & Tian, Yaming & Li, Jian & Zhang, Mengru & Wu, Yuting, 2019. "A comparison study and performance analysis of free piston expander-linear generator for organic Rankine cycle system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 136-143.
    13. Wu, Zhong & Zhang, Hongguang & Liu, Zhongliang & Hou, Xiaochen & Li, Jian & Yang, Fubin & Zhang, Jian, 2021. "Experimental study on the performance of single-piston free-piston expander—linear generator," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C).
    14. Guo, Chendong & Zuo, Zhengxing & Feng, Huihua & Jia, Boru & Roskilly, Tony, 2020. "Review of recent advances of free-piston internal combustion engine linear generator," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    15. Bianchi, M. & Branchini, L. & De Pascale, A. & Melino, F. & Ottaviano, S. & Peretto, A. & Torricelli, N., 2019. "Application and comparison of semi-empirical models for performance prediction of a kW-size reciprocating piston expander," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C), pages 143-156.

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