Author
Listed:
- Mathias Huebener
- Jan Marcus
Abstract
The G8 high school reform to reduce the total number of years spent at Gymnasium (Germany's academictrack secondary school) has been more controversial than almost any other education reform in recent years. Although there are very few reliable empirical findings on the effects of the G8 reform, several federal states are already considering a return to the old system, which required 13 years—rather than 12 under the G8 system—for graduation from Gymnasium. A new study by DIW Berlin examines the different effects of the G8 reform using administrative data on all students who graduated from Gymnasium between 2002 and 2013. The study shows, among other things, that the G8 reform has reduced the age of graduation from Gymnasium by an average of ten months—and not the twelve months Gymnasium schooling was reduced by. One reason for this is that the share of students who repeated a grade during their time at Gymnasium rose by three percentage points—approximately a fifth—as a result of the reform. The sharpest rise in grade repetitions was seen in the final years (Oberstufe), with boys being more strongly affected on average than girls. The share of students who graduated from Gymnasium (thereby earning their university entrance qualification or Abitur), however, was unaffected by the G8 high school reform. Kaum eine Bildungsreform der vergangenen Jahre ist umstrittener als die G8-Reform zur Verkürzung der Gymnasialschulzeit. Obwohl es bisher nur sehr wenige verlässliche empirische Befunde zur Wirkung der G8-Reform gibt, erwägen mehrere Bundesländer bereits eine Rückkehr von der zwölf- zur 13-jährigen Schulzeit bis zum Abitur. Eine neue Studie des DIW Berlin untersucht verschiedene Auswirkungen der G8-Reform anhand amtlicher Daten über alle Schüler der Abiturjahrgänge 2002 bis 2013. Die Studie zeigt unter anderem, dass die G8-Reform das Alter der Abiturienten am Gymnasium um durchschnittlich zehn Monate reduziert hat – und nicht um zwölf Monate, um die sich die Schulzeit infolge der Reform verkürzt hat. Ein Grund dafür ist, dass der Anteil der Schüler, die während der Gymnasialzeit sitzengeblieben sind, durch die G8-Reform um drei Prozentpunkte – also um etwa ein Fünftel – gestiegen ist. Den stärksten Anstieg bei den Klassenwiederholungen gab es in der Oberstufe; Jungen waren im Mittel stärker betroffen als Mädchen. Der Anteil an Schülern, die ihre Schullaufbahn am Gymnasium mit dem Abitur abschließen, blieb von der G8-Reform jedoch unberührt.
Suggested Citation
Mathias Huebener & Jan Marcus, 2015.
"Auswirkungen der G8-Schulzeitverkürzung: erhöhte Zahl von Klassenwiederholungen, aber jüngere und nicht weniger Abiturienten,"
DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 82(18), pages 447-456.
Handle:
RePEc:diw:diwwob:82-18-1
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