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Vermögensteuer: erhebliches Aufkommenspotential trotz erwartbarer Ausweichreaktionen

Author

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  • Stefan Bach
  • Martin Beznoska

Abstract

Following a Federal Constitutional Court sentence, wealth tax has not been levied in Germany since 1997. A possible revival has since regularly been the subject of political debate. Several German federal states are currently preparing to submit a bill to the Bundesrat. A basic scenario envisages individuals (natural persons), corporations, and other legal entities being taxed at a uniform rate of one percent, with a personal allowance of two million euros to be granted for private wealth. DIW Berlin has analyzed the revenue from such a wealth tax. Since wealth in Germany is highly concentrated among the top one percent of the population, the potential revenue is significant despite high personal allowances. Taking into consideration possible adjustments and avoidance by those subject to the wealth tax, it still promises additional tax revenue of 11.6 billion euros. Infolge eines Urteils des Bundesverfassungsgerichts wird die Vermögensteuer in Deutschland seit 1997 nicht mehr erhoben. Eine mögliche Wiederbelebung ist seitdem regelmäßig Gegenstand politischer Debatten. Mehrere Bundesländer bereiten dazu derzeit eine Bundesratsinitiative vor. Ein Basisszenario sieht eine Belastung von Privatpersonen (natürliche Personen) sowie von Kapitalgesellschaften und weiterer juristischer Personen mit einem einheitlichen Steuersatz von einem Prozent vor. Für Privatvermögen soll ein persönlicher Freibetrag von zwei Millionen Euro gewährt werden. Das DIW Berlin hat das Aufkommen einer solchen Vermögensteuer untersucht. Weil die Vermögen in Deutschland stark auf das obere Prozent der Bevölkerung konzentriert sind, ergibt sich trotz hoher persönlicher Freibeträge ein beträchtliches Einnahmepotential: Insgesamt verspricht die Vermögensteuer - unter Berücksichtigung von Anpassungs- und Ausweichreaktionen der Steuerpflichtigen - ein zusätzliches Steueraufkommen von 11,6 Milliarden Euro.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefan Bach & Martin Beznoska, 2012. "Vermögensteuer: erhebliches Aufkommenspotential trotz erwartbarer Ausweichreaktionen," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 79(42), pages 12-17.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:79-42-3
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jan Behringer & Thomas Theobald & Till van Treeck, 2014. "Einkommens- und Vermögensverteilung in Deutschland: Eine makroökonomische Sicht," IMK Report 99-2014, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
    2. Hoppe, Thomas & Maiterth, Ralf & Sureth, Caren, 2015. "Vermögensteuer und ihre Implikationen für den Wirtschaftsstandort Deutschland: Eine betriebswirtschaftliche Analyse," arqus Discussion Papers in Quantitative Tax Research 181, arqus - Arbeitskreis Quantitative Steuerlehre.
    3. Margit Schratzenstaller, 2013. "Besteuerung höherer Einkommen und Vermögen: internationale Entwicklungstendenzen, Möglichkeiten und Grenzen," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 82(1), pages 13-34.
    4. Wolfgang Scherf & Christian Waldhoff & Christoph Spengel & Frank Streif & Andreas Richter & Lutz Goebel & Nils Schmid & Claudia Neugebauer & Kerstin Schneider, 2013. "Wealth Tax: Fair Taxation and Additional Tax Income or a Burden for Germany as a Business Location?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 66(14), pages 03-24, July.
    5. Bültmann, Barbara, 2013. "Braucht Deutschland eine Vermögensteuer?," Argumente zur Marktwirtschaft und Politik 122, Stiftung Marktwirtschaft / The Market Economy Foundation, Berlin.
    6. Alena Bachleitner, 2017. "Abolishing the Wealth Tax. A Case Study for Germany," WIFO Working Papers 545, WIFO.
    7. Jan Behringer & Thomas Theobald & Till van Treeck, 2014. "Income and Wealth Distributionin Germany: A Macro-Economic Perspective," IMK Report 99e-2014, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Net wealth tax; wealth distribution;

    JEL classification:

    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution

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