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Finanzwissen und finanzielles Wohlbefinden – Frauen sind nicht grundsätzlich im Nachteil

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  • Bettina Greimel-Fuhrmann
  • Maria Silgoner

Abstract

International empirical studies have consistently shown that women answer less financial knowledge questions correctly than men and hence, have been identified as a financially vulnerable group. However, financial literacy comprises not only knowledge, but also money attitudes and financial behavior. This is why we analyze gender differences in financial knowledge as well as in attitudes and behavior, based on a recent survey of 2,000 adults in Austria. Our results reveal that while men outperform women in financial knowledge—largely explained by differences in education, income and involvement in financial decisions— women seem to manage their finances more prudently than men: they are more risk averse,less prone to impulse purchases and more future-oriented. Based on the results of a multiple regression analysis, knowledge, attitudes and behavior contribute significantly to the explanation of an indicator for financial well-being, whereas gender does not play a significant role. Internationale empirische Untersuchungen kommen konsistent zum Ergebnis, dass Frauen weniger Fragen zum Finanzwissen korrekt beantworten können als Männer, weshalb sie wiederholt als besonders wichtige Zielgruppe für Maßnahmen der Finanzbildung identifiziert wurden. Finanzbildung im weiteren Sinn umfasst jedoch nicht nur Wissen, sondern auch Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen, weshalb wir Geschlechterunterschiede in diesen drei Dimensionen auf der Datengrundlage einer Befragung von 2 000 Erwachsenen in Österreich untersuchen. Auch hier zeigt sich, dass Männer im Schnitt im Finanzwissenstest besser abschneiden als Frauen. Dafür dürfte neben Unterschieden in Bildung und Einkommen vor allem auch der Grad der Einbindung in Finanzentscheidungen maßgeblich sein. Unsere Ergebnisse bestätigen aber auch, dass Frauen im Finanzverhalten und bei finanziellen Einstellungen umsichtiger sind als Männer: Frauen agieren weniger riskant, tätigen seltener Impulskäufe und denken mehr an die Zukunft. Eine multiple Regressionsanalyse zeigt, dass neben dem Wissen auch Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen einen Beitrag zur Erklärung von finanziellem Wohlbefinden leisten, während das Geschlecht hier keine signifikante Rolle spielt.

Suggested Citation

  • Bettina Greimel-Fuhrmann & Maria Silgoner, 2017. "Finanzwissen und finanzielles Wohlbefinden – Frauen sind nicht grundsätzlich im Nachteil," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 86(4), pages 123-136.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:86-4-9
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.86.4.123
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    Cited by:

    1. Pirmin Fessler & Marilies Jelovsek & Maria Antoinette Silgoner, 2020. "Financial literacy in Austria – focus on millennials," Monetary Policy & the Economy, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue Q3/20, pages 21-38.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Financial literacy; gender gap; financial education;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • A20 - General Economics and Teaching - - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics - - - General
    • D14 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Household Saving; Personal Finance
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination

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