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Lebensmittel als Sicherheitsrisiko?: von gefühlten und tatsächlichen Risiken

Author

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  • Gaby-Fleur Böl

Abstract

Medial reports on supposed or real scandals about food decrease the trust of citizens in the safety of nutrition and the guarantee of their health, not only in Germany and Europe. Although, from a natural scientific point of view, food is significantly safer and obviously qualitatively better nowadays in comparison to former times. This fact is diametrically opposed to the decreased trust in these goods. Regarding this type of risk perception it is not sufficient just to explain risk assessment and risk management including food monitoring to the public and to provide high quality products on the local market. It is in fact important to understand why people develop such estimations and how these psychological mechanisms can be utilized for a better understanding of real risks. The following article illustrates on the basis of three current examples, contamination of eggs with dioxin, pesticide residues in food and the German EHEC crisis in 2011, how risks are scientifically assessed and how they are perceived personally and, hence, which requirements arise for adequate risk communication. Mediale Berichte über angebliche oder tatsächliche Lebensmittelskandale schmälern das Vertrauen der Bevölkerung in die Sicherheit ihrer Ernährung und die Garantie ihrer Gesundheit. Obwohl Lebensmittel heutzutage im Vergleich zu früher aus naturwissenschaftlicher Sicht signifikant sicherer und qualitativ deutlich besser geworden sind, steht dieser Tatsache das gesunkene Vertrauen in diese Güter diametral entgegen. Hinsichtlich dieser Risikowahrnehmung reicht es nicht aus, der Bevölkerung die Mechanismen der Risikobewertung und des Risikomanagements inklusive der Lebensmittelüberwachung lediglich zu erklären und hochqualitative Produkte auf dem heimischen Markt bereitzustellen. Von Bedeutung ist vielmehr zu verstehen, warum Menschen zu solchen Einschätzungen gelangen und wie man die ihnen zugrunde liegenden psychologischen Mechanismen dafür einsetzen kann, ein besseres Verständnis für tatsächliche Risiken zu generieren. Im folgenden Artikel wird anhand von drei aktuellen Beispielen, Dioxinfunden in Eiern, Pflanzenschutzmittelresten in Lebensmitteln und der EHEC-Krise in Deutschland 2011, erläutert, wie Risiken wissenschaftlich bewertet sowie subjektiv empfunden werden und welche Anforderungen daraus für eine adäquate Risikokommunikation entstehen.

Suggested Citation

  • Gaby-Fleur Böl, 2012. "Lebensmittel als Sicherheitsrisiko?: von gefühlten und tatsächlichen Risiken," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 81(4), pages 183-198.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:81-4-12
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.81.4.183
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    Keywords

    Food safety; risk perception; dioxin; EHEC; risk communication;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I0 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - General
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy

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