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Market access in the Western Hemisphere: implications for the Andean Community

Author

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  • Arguello C., Ricardo
  • Valenzuela, Ernesto

Abstract

Resumen: este estudio busca contribuir a la evaluación del impacto económico que una mayor liberalización comercial en el Hemisferio Occidental, puede tener sobre los países miembros de la Comunidad Andina. Los escenarios de liberalización comercial más significativos se identifican y simulan, mediante el uso del modelo GTAP en su versión estándar de rendimientos constantes a escala. Los resultados básicos indican una muy baja coincidencia en la dirección de los cambios de bienestar esperables para los países andinos, bajo los cuatro escenarios analizados. De una forma muy simplificada, puede decirse que una mayor liberalización comercial implica pérdidas de bienestar para Colombia,Perú y Ecuador-Bolivia, en tanto que para Venezuela se encuentran ganancias bajo los escenarios que implementan el Área de Libre Comercio de las Américas y pérdidas bajo el que implementa el Acuerdo de Libre Comercio entre sus socios andinos y Estados Unidos. Los términos de intercambio juegan un papel determinante en estos resultados. En general se mueven en contra de estas economías, con la notoria excepción de Venezuela. Al parecer, los países andinos se han beneficiado en el pasado de la desviación de comercio que otras regiones han sufrido, como consecuencia de los acuerdos preferenciales de comercio en los cuales los primeros han participado. Con la erosión del acceso preferencial a otros mercados, implícita en los escenarios simulados, el aumento en la competencia tanto por el lado de las exportaciones como por el de las importaciones, tiende a ajustar la posición internacional de estos países, trayendo con ello nuevos retos para el manejo de sus economías.

Suggested Citation

  • Arguello C., Ricardo & Valenzuela, Ernesto, 2006. "Market access in the Western Hemisphere: implications for the Andean Community," Perfil de Coyuntura Económica, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000165:005052
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gouranga Gopal Das & Soamiely Andriamananjara, 2006. "Hub-and-Spokes Free Trade Agreements in the Presence of Technology Spillovers: An Application to the Western Hemisphere," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 142(1), pages 33-66, April.
    2. Xinshen Diao & Eugenio Díaz-Bonilla & Sherman Robinson, 2003. "Scenarios for Trade Integration in the Americas," Economie Internationale, CEPII research center, issue 94-95, pages 33-51.
    3. Hertel, Thomas, 1997. "Global Trade Analysis: Modeling and applications," GTAP Books, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, number 7685, December.
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    1. De Miguel, Carlos J. & Durán Lima, José Elías & Schuschny, Andrés Ricardo, 2007. "Trade agreements by Colombia, Ecuador and Peru with the United States: effects on trade, production and welfare," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), April.
    2. De Miguel, Carlos J. & Durán Lima, José Elías & Schuschny, Andrés Ricardo, 2007. "Los acuerdos comerciales de Colombia, Ecuador y Perú con los Estados Unidos: efectos sobre el comercio, la producción y el bienestar," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), April.
    3. Iannelli, Norberto & Giordano, Paolo & Volpe Martincus, Christian & Zeballos, Erick, 2006. "Perú: Documento de Discusión sobre Comercio e Integración," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 2448, Inter-American Development Bank.
    4. Norberto Iannelli & Paolo Giordano & Christian Volpe Martincus & Erick Zeballos, 2006. "Perú: Documento de Discusión sobre Comercio e Integración," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 9251, Inter-American Development Bank.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    liberalización comercial; comunidad andina; acceso a los mercados;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration

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