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State Renewable Energy Governance: Policy Instruments, Markets, or Citizens

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  • Sunjoo Park

Abstract

Since the 1990s, state governments in the United States have diversified policy instruments to encourage the electric power industry to deploy renewable sources for electricity generation. This study identifies the trends and variations in renewable energy (RE) policy governance among states and examines the effectiveness of policy instruments in the deployment of RE sources for electricity production. This study explores 18 state legislative, RE-related regulations, programs, or financial incentives existing between 2001 and 2010 in 48 states in the United States. Renewable energy policies were classified into three types of policy approaches: command-and-control, market-based, and information instruments. Results suggest that authoritative approaches are more likely to be effective in the governmental intervention toward a pre-existing market, and information instruments and citizen participation became important in the power industry in the 2000s. In addition, it gives us some evidence that federal assistance under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 influenced the overall growth of the renewable electricity industry, in addition to state government–led policy designs.

Suggested Citation

  • Sunjoo Park, 2015. "State Renewable Energy Governance: Policy Instruments, Markets, or Citizens," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 32(3), pages 273-296, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:revpol:v:32:y:2015:i:3:p:273-296
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/ropr.12126
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    Cited by:

    1. Fatras, Nicolas & Ma, Zheng & Duan, Hongbo & Jørgensen, Bo Nørregaard, 2022. "A systematic review of electricity market liberalisation and its alignment with industrial consumer participation: A comparison between the Nordics and China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    2. Neal D. Woods & Jiyoon Kang & Morgan A. Lowder, 2023. "Do green policies produce green jobs?," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 104(2), pages 153-167, March.
    3. Bongsuk Sung & Sang-Do Park, 2018. "Who Drives the Transition to a Renewable-Energy Economy? Multi-Actor Perspective on Social Innovation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-32, February.
    4. J. Barrera-Santana & G.A. Marrero & F.J. Ramos-Real, 2022. "Energy Efficiency and Energy Governance: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis Approach," The Energy Journal, , vol. 43(6), pages 243-284, November.
    5. Wang, Xue & Fan, Li-Wei & Zhang, Hongyan, 2023. "Policies for enhancing patent quality: Evidence from renewable energy technology in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    6. Elie, Luc & Granier, Caroline & Rigot, Sandra, 2021. "The different types of renewable energy finance: A Bibliometric analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    7. Chai, Song & Liu, Qiyun & Yang, Jin, 2023. "Renewable power generation policies in China: Policy instrument choices and influencing factors from the central and local government perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    8. Guoqiang Zhang & Yanmei Xu & Juan Zhang, 2016. "Consumer-Oriented Policy towards Diffusion of Electric Vehicles: City-Level Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(12), pages 1-16, December.
    9. Jianming Zhang & Gongqian Liang & Taiwen Feng & Chunlin Yuan & Wenbo Jiang, 2020. "Green innovation to respond to environmental regulation: How external knowledge adoption and green absorptive capacity matter?," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(1), pages 39-53, January.
    10. Mahmure Övül Arıoğlu Akan & Ayşe Ayçim Selam & Seniye Ümit Oktay Fırat & Merve Er Kara & Semih Özel, 2015. "A Comparative Analysis of Renewable Energy Use and Policies: Global and Turkish Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(12), pages 1-29, December.
    11. Xiang Ruan & Rong Sheng & Tuo Lin, 2020. "Environmental Policy Integration in the Energy Sector of China: The Roles of the Institutional Context," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-14, December.
    12. Xu, Lei & Su, Jun, 2016. "From government to market and from producer to consumer: Transition of policy mix towards clean mobility in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 328-340.
    13. Jordaan, Sarah M. & Park, Jiyun & Rangarajan, Shreya, 2022. "Innovation in intermittent electricity and stationary energy storage in the United States and Canada: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    14. Lim, Taekyoung & Guzman, Tatyana S. & Bowen, William M., 2020. "Rhetoric and Reality: Jobs and the Energy Provisions of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    15. Herbes, Carsten & Rilling, Benedikt & MacDonald, Scott & Boutin, Nathalie & Bigerna, Simona, 2020. "Are voluntary markets effective in replacing state-led support for the expansion of renewables? – A comparative analysis of voluntary green electricity markets in the UK, Germany, France and Italy," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).

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