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The comparison of designs for sequential clinical trials with covariate information

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  • Anthony C. Atkinson

Abstract

Summary. The paper develops methods for the comparison of randomized rules of the biased coin type for the sequential allocation of treatments in a clinical trial. One important characteristic is the loss, which measures the increase in the variance of parameter estimates due to the imbalance caused by randomization. The other important characteristic is the selection biasmeasuring the probability of correctly guessing which treatment is to be allocated next. The combination of these two measures leads to the elucidation of admissible designs. Simulations provide clear plots of the behaviour of the designs and make it possible to distinguish good designs from those which are less good.

Suggested Citation

  • Anthony C. Atkinson, 2002. "The comparison of designs for sequential clinical trials with covariate information," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 165(2), pages 349-373, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jorssa:v:165:y:2002:i:2:p:349-373
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-985X.00564
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    Cited by:

    1. Anthony C. Atkinson & Atanu Biswas, 2005. "Bayesian Adaptive Biased-Coin Designs for Clinical Trials with Normal Responses," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 61(1), pages 118-125, March.
    2. D. R. Cox, 2009. "Randomization in the Design of Experiments," International Statistical Review, International Statistical Institute, vol. 77(3), pages 415-429, December.
    3. Nikhil Bhat & Vivek F. Farias & Ciamac C. Moallemi & Deeksha Sinha, 2020. "Near-Optimal A-B Testing," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 66(10), pages 4477-4495, October.
    4. Atkinson, Anthony C. & Biswas, Atanu, 2017. "Optimal response and covariate-adaptive biased-coin designs for clinical trials with continuous multivariate or longitudinal responses," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 66761, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    5. Wei Zhang & Zhiwei Zhang & Aiyi Liu, 2023. "Optimizing treatment allocation in randomized clinical trials by leveraging baseline covariates," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 79(4), pages 2815-2829, December.
    6. Atkinson, Anthony C. & Biswas, Atanu, 2017. "Optimal response and covariate-adaptive biased-coin designs for clinical trials with continuous multivariate or longitudinal responses," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 297-310.
    7. Guiteras, Raymond P. & Levine, David I. & Polley, Thomas H., 2016. "The pursuit of balance in sequential randomized trials," Development Engineering, Elsevier, vol. 1(C), pages 12-25.
    8. Atkinson, Anthony C. & Duarte, Belmiro P.M. & Pedrosa, David & van Munster, Marlena, 2023. "Randomizing a clinical trial in neuro-degenerative disease," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118653, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.

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