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CAPM, Higher Co‐moment and Factor Models of UK Stock Returns

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  • Daniel Chi‐Hsiou Hung
  • Mark Shackleton
  • Xinzhong Xu

Abstract

In this paper we examine the variables that explain the cross‐section of UK stock returns. Previous studies have found that the CAPM beta has moderate or even insignificant explanatory power once the Fama French factors are included. However, we control for different realised risk premia in up and down markets by using the same methodology as Pettengill, Sundaram and Mathur (1995). Unlike previous work, we find that beta is highly significant in explaining the cross‐section of UK stock returns and more importantly remains significant even when the Fama French factors are included in the cross‐sectional regressions. We also investigate whether higher co‐moments (co‐skewness and co‐kurtosis) have any explanatory power but find that empirical support is weaker.

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  • Daniel Chi‐Hsiou Hung & Mark Shackleton & Xinzhong Xu, 2004. "CAPM, Higher Co‐moment and Factor Models of UK Stock Returns," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(1‐2), pages 87-112, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jbfnac:v:31:y:2004:i:1-2:p:87-112
    DOI: 10.1111/j.0306-686X.2004.0003.x
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    Cited by:

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    2. Ian Garrett, 2004. "Discussion of CAPM, Higher Co‐moment and Factor Models of UK Stock Returns," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(1‐2), pages 113-114, January.
    3. Durand, Robert B. & Lan, Yihui & Ng, Andrew, 2011. "Conditional beta: Evidence from Asian emerging markets," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 130-153.
    4. Dheeraj Misra & Sushma Vishnani & Ankit Mehrotra, 2019. "Four-moment CAPM Model: Evidence from the Indian Stock Market," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 18(1_suppl), pages 137-166, April.
    5. Philippe Pébay & Timothy B. Terriberry & Hemanth Kolla & Janine Bennett, 2016. "Numerically stable, scalable formulas for parallel and online computation of higher-order multivariate central moments with arbitrary weights," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 31(4), pages 1305-1325, December.
    6. Hung, Chi-Hsiou D. & Azad, A.S.M. Sohel & Fang, Victor, 2014. "Determinants of stock returns: Factors or systematic co-moments? Crisis versus non-crisis periods," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 14-29.
    7. Kostakis, Alexandros & Muhammad, Kashif & Siganos, Antonios, 2012. "Higher co-moments and asset pricing on London Stock Exchange," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 913-922.
    8. Akbar, Muhammad & Nguyen, Thuy Thu, 2016. "The explanatory power of higher moment capital asset pricing model in the Karachi stock exchange," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 241-253.
    9. Morelli, David, 2011. "Joint conditionality in testing the beta-return relationship: Evidence based on the UK stock market," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 1-13, February.
    10. Högholm, Kenneth & Knif, Johan & Koutmos, Gregory & Pynnönen, Seppo, 2011. "Distributional asymmetry of loadings on market co-moments," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 21(5), pages 851-866.
    11. David Morelli, 2012. "Security returns, beta, size, and book-to-market equity: evidence from the Shanghai A-share market," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 38(1), pages 47-60, January.
    12. Johan Knif & Dimitrios Koutmos & Gregory Koutmos, 2020. "Higher Co-Moment CAPM and Hedge Fund Returns," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 48(1), pages 99-113, March.
    13. Lambert, M. & Hübner, G., 2013. "Comoment risk and stock returns," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 191-205.
    14. Nawar Hashem & Larry Su, 2015. "Industry Concentration and the Cross-Section of Stock Returns: Evidence from the UK," Journal of Business Economics and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(4), pages 769-785, August.
    15. Maria Michou, 2009. "Is the Value Spread a Good Predictor of Stock Returns? UK Evidence," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(7‐8), pages 925-950, September.
    16. Iqbal, Javed & Brooks, Robert & Galagedera, Don UA, 2007. "Testing Asset Pricing Models in Emerging Markets: An Examination of Higher Order Co-Moments and Alternative Factor Models," MPRA Paper 25020, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Oct 2007.
    17. Petros Messis & Achilleas Zapranis, 2014. "Herding behaviour and volatility in the Athens Stock Exchange," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 15(5), pages 572-590, November.
    18. Chi-Hsiou Hung, 2007. "Momentum, Size and Value Factors versus Systematic Co-moments in Stock Returns," Working Papers 2007_02, Durham University Business School.
    19. Charlie Cai & Robert Faff & David Hillier & Michael McKenzie, 2006. "Modelling return and conditional volatility exposures in global stock markets," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 27(2), pages 125-142, September.
    20. Valadkhani, Abbas, 2022. "Do large-cap exchange-traded funds perform better than their small-cap counterparts in extreme market conditions?☆," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    21. Chi-Hsiou Hung, 2007. "Return Explanatory Ability and Predictability of Non-Linear Market Models," Working Papers 2007_05, Durham University Business School.
    22. Chi‐Hsiou Hung, 2008. "Return Predictability of Higher‐Moment CAPM Market Models," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 35(7‐8), pages 998-1022, September.
    23. Guermat, Cherif & Freeman, Mark C., 2010. "A net beta test of asset pricing models," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 19(1), pages 1-9, January.
    24. Morelli, David, 2007. "Beta, size, book-to-market equity and returns: A study based on UK data," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 17(3), pages 257-272, July.
    25. Mark C. Freeman & Cherif Guermat, 2006. "The Conditional Relationship Between Beta and Returns: A Reassessment," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(7‐8), pages 1213-1239, September.

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