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Fundamental forms of information

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  • Marcia J. Bates

Abstract

Fundamental forms of information, as well as the term information itself, are defined and developed for the purposes of information science/studies. Concepts of natural and represented information (taking an unconventional sense of representation), encoded and embodied information, as well as experienced, enacted, expressed, embedded, recorded, and trace information are elaborated. The utility of these terms for the discipline is illustrated with examples from the study of information‐seeking behavior and of information genres. Distinctions between the information and curatorial sciences with respect to their social (and informational) objects of study are briefly outlined.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcia J. Bates, 2006. "Fundamental forms of information," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 57(8), pages 1033-1045, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jamist:v:57:y:2006:i:8:p:1033-1045
    DOI: 10.1002/asi.20369
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Netto, Vinicius M. & Brigatti, Edgardo & Meirelles, João & Ribeiro, Fabiano L. & Pace, Bruno & Cacholas, Caio & Sanches, Patricia Mara, 2018. "Cities, from information to interaction," SocArXiv jgz5d, Center for Open Science.
    2. Xiaofeng Li, 2021. "Young people's information practices in library makerspaces," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 72(6), pages 744-758, June.
    3. Beynon-Davies, Paul, 2011. "In-formation on the prairie: Signs, patterns, systems and prairie dogs," International Journal of Information Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 307-316.
    4. Ye, Sufen & Zhang, Luoping & Feng, Huan, 2020. "Ecosystem intrinsic value and its evaluation," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 430(C).
    5. Marcia J. Bates, 2011. "Birger Hjørland's Manichean misconstruction of Marcia Bates' work," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 62(10), pages 2038-2044, October.
    6. Marcia J. Bates, 2021. "Search foundations: Toward a science of technology‐mediated experience. Sachi Arafat and Elham Ashoori. Boston, MA: MIT Press, 2019. 448, pp. $65.00 (hardback). (ISBN 9780262038591)," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 72(3), pages 377-383, March.
    7. Florentin Smarandache & Stefan Vladutescu, 2014. "Communicative universal convertibility Matter-Energy-Information," Social Sciences and Education Research Review, Department of Communication, Journalism and Education Sciences, University of Craiova, vol. 1(1), pages 44-62, December.
    8. Paul Beynon‐Davies, 2012. "Enacting Significance: A New Perspective on the Nature of Information within Systems," Systems Research and Behavioral Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(1), pages 46-65, January.
    9. Tami Oliphant, 2021. "Emerging (information) realities and epistemic injustice," Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 72(8), pages 951-962, August.

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