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Nonpoint‐Source Pollution Reduction for an Iowa Watershed: An Application of Evolutionary Algorithms

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  • Sergey S. Rabotyagov
  • Manoj Jha
  • Todd D. Campbell

Abstract

We apply an integrated simulation‐optimization framework to search for cost‐efficient mix and location of agricultural conservation practices in a typical agricultural watershed for two types of nitrogen reduction targets: control of mean annual nitrogen loadings, and a “safety‐first” type constraint, insisting that nitrogen targets be met in every weather realization (weather‐resilient solutions). Evolutionary algorithms are developed for each of the appropriate water quality targets. Our approach allows for the derivation of a watershed‐level total and marginal nitrogen abatement cost curve. Controlling for the probability of meeting water quality targets (looking for weather‐resilient solutions) is found to be significantly more costly than controlling the average nitrogen loadings. Both types of solutions are assessed for robustness with respect to weather uncertainty: solutions selected to reduce average loadings do well under weather uncertainty, while the robustness of solutions selected to be resilient decreases with the stringency of the water quality goal. Nous avons appliqué un modèle intégré de simulation‐optimisation pour trouver des combinaisons de pratiques agricoles de conservation efficaces en terme de coûts et les endroits où elles devraient être adoptées dans un bassin versant agricole typique pour deux types de cibles de réduction des charges d’azote : la surveillance des charges moyennes annuelles d’azote et une contrainte du type « sécurité d’abord », selon laquelle les cibles d’azote doivent être respectées peu importe les conditions météorologiques (solutions robustes aux changements météorologiques). Nous avons élaboré des algorithmes évolutifs pour chaque cible relative à la qualité de l’eau. Notre approche a permis de dériver la courbe de coût liéà la réduction marginale et totale de l’azote dans un bassin versant. L’ajustement de la probabilité que les cibles relatives à la qualité de l’eau soient respectées (solutions robustes aux changements météorologiques) s’est révélé significativement plus coûteux que de contrôler les charges moyennes d’azote. Nous avons évalué les deux types de solutions afin de vérifier leur performance dans des conditions météorologiques incertaines : les solutions retenues pour réduire les charges moyennes fonctionnent bien dans des conditions météorologiques incertaines, tandis que la performance des solutions robustes aux conditions météorologiques diminue avec le niveau visé de qualité de l’eau.

Suggested Citation

  • Sergey S. Rabotyagov & Manoj Jha & Todd D. Campbell, 2010. "Nonpoint‐Source Pollution Reduction for an Iowa Watershed: An Application of Evolutionary Algorithms," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 58(4), pages 411-431, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:canjag:v:58:y:2010:i:4:p:411-431
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7976.2010.01198.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Dai, C. & Cai, Y.P. & Ren, W. & Xie, Y.F. & Guo, H.C., 2016. "Identification of optimal placements of best management practices through an interval-fuzzy possibilistic programming model," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 108-121.
    2. Zhen, Chen & Zheng, Xiaoyong, 2015. "Measuring the Informational Value of Interpretive Shelf Nutrition Labels to Shoppers," 2016 Allied Social Sciences Association (ASSA) Annual Meeting, January 3-5, 2016, San Francisco, California 212812, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    3. Sergey Rabotyagov & Catherine L. Kling & Philip W. Gassman & Nancy N. Rabalais & R. Eugene Turner, 2012. "Economics of Dead Zones: Linking Externalities from the Land to their Consequences in the Sea, The," Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) Publications 12-wp534, Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) at Iowa State University.
    4. Sergey S. Rabotyagov & Adriana M. Valcu-Lisman & Catherine L. Kling, 2016. "Resilient Provision of Ecosystem Services from Agricultural Landscapes: Trade-offs Involving Means and Variances of Water Quality Improvements," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 98(5), pages 1295-1313.
    5. Reeling, Carson J. & Gramig, Benjamin M., 2011. "Using Carbon Offsets to Fund Agricultural Conservation Practices in a Working-Lands Setting," 2011 Annual Meeting, July 24-26, 2011, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 103577, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    6. Doole, Graeme J., 2012. "Cost-effective policies for improving water quality by reducing nitrate emissions from diverse dairy farms: An abatement–cost perspective," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 10-20.

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