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Human-Tiger (Panthera tigris) Conflict: Status and Trends in the Chitwan National Park, Nepal

Author

Listed:
  • Kshitiz Kandel

    (Research Insight-Nepal, Chitwan, Nepal Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhlel, Nepal)

  • Chhatra Mani Sharma

    (Central Department of Environmental Science, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhlel, Nepal)

  • Chiranjibi Prasad Pokheral

    (National Trust for Nature Conservation, Nepal Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal)

  • Suraj Shah

    (Research Insight-Nepal, Chitwan, Nepal Khwopa College of Engineering, Bhaktapur, Nepal)

  • Bakhat Rawat

    (Research Insight-Nepal, Chitwan, Nepal University of Wollongong, North-fields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia)

  • Manish Devkota

    (Research Insight-Nepal, Chitwan, Nepal Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam)

  • Prabesh Kandel

    (Research Insight-Nepal, Chitwan, Nepal Lambton College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada)

Abstract

This study explores an understanding of human-wildlife conflict (HWC) focused on tiger, particularly the status and trend of human-tiger conflict (HTC), in three major areas of Chitwan National Park (CNP); Ayodhyapuri, Patihani and Meghauli VDCs. A set of questionnaire survey was conducted in 98 households during month of June- July, 2017. It covers 38 surveys in Ayodhyapuri, 30 in Patihani and 30 in Meghauli. Additionally, key informant interviews were conducted. Also, the official records of CNP, National Trust for Nature Conservation (NTNC) and Department of National Park and Wildlife Conservation (DNPWC) were referred. Records from 2003 to 2015 at CNP shows that highest HTC was recorded in the year 2003-2004 (235 cases), out of which human casualties were 22 (4 injured and 18 killed). The trend has declined thereafter with the lowest conflict recorded in the year 2013-2014 (17 cases), out of which human casualties were 6 (4 injured and 2 killed). A significantly higher human-tiger interaction was recorded in Ayodhypuri compared to other two study sites (χ2 = 7.88; d.f. = 2; p = 0.02). However, a contradictory trend was obtained based on our survey owing to the long compensation procedure (51.02%), less compensation (30.61%) and weak information flow (18.36%). Conservation education, awareness programs along with adequate and prompt compensation against damages coupled with regular/timely monitoring of tigers may help to reduce human-tiger conflicts. In addition, a future perspective is drawn based on the impacts of anthropogenic interferences on wildlife and riverine ecosystems of these sensitive conservation and protected areas of the lower reaches.

Suggested Citation

  • Kshitiz Kandel & Chhatra Mani Sharma & Chiranjibi Prasad Pokheral & Suraj Shah & Bakhat Rawat & Manish Devkota & Prabesh Kandel, 2025. "Human-Tiger (Panthera tigris) Conflict: Status and Trends in the Chitwan National Park, Nepal," International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI), vol. 12(5), pages 500-511, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:bjc:journl:v:12:y:2025:i:5:p:500-511
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. C. J. Vörösmarty & P. B. McIntyre & M. O. Gessner & D. Dudgeon & A. Prusevich & P. Green & S. Glidden & S. E. Bunn & C. A. Sullivan & C. Reidy Liermann & P. M. Davies, 2010. "Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity," Nature, Nature, vol. 467(7315), pages 555-561, September.
    2. C. J. Vörösmarty & P. B. McIntyre & M. O. Gessner & D. Dudgeon & A. Prusevich & P. Green & S. Glidden & S. E. Bunn & C. A. Sullivan & C. Reidy Liermann & P. M. Davies, 2010. "Erratum: Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity," Nature, Nature, vol. 468(7321), pages 334-334, November.
    3. Kshitiz Kandel & Bed Mani Dahal & Chhatra Mani Sharma & Manish Devkota & Bakhat Rawat & Prabesh Kandel, 2025. "An Analysis of Agricultural Pesticide Practices and Anthropogenic Footprints in Himalayan Freshwaters of Nepal," Sustainable Agriculture Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, April.
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