IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bjc/journl/v12y2025i15p378-397.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Emerging Infectious Diseases and Global Response Strategies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Chinua Onyebuchi

    (Institute of Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University, UK. ORCID Hillary Nkem Okeke)

  • Hillary Nkem Okeke

    (Department of Public Health, University on the Niger, Nigeria.)

  • Oluchi Hope Uzochukwu

    (Department of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University. Nigeria)

  • Abe Oluwadamilola Racheal

    (Department of Medicine, Afe Babalola University, Nigeria.)

  • Excellence Kolade

    (Department of Medicine, Afe Babalola University, Nigeria.)

  • Alswell Okechukwu Onyebuchi

    (Department of Medicine, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine.)

  • Emmanuella Odekhe

    (Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Nigeria.)

  • David Izuchukwu Onyebuchi

    (Department of Medicine, ORCID, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine.)

Abstract

Background: Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) pose a significant threat to global health, security, and economies. The increasing frequency of EID outbreaks is driven by factors such as climate change, urbanization, global travel, and antimicrobial resistance. A coordinated and effective global response is essential to mitigate their impact. Objectives: This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of global response strategies to EIDs, identifying key trends, challenges, and best practices. The research evaluates the effectiveness of current policies, surveillance systems, and intervention measures in managing outbreaks. Methods: This study followed PRISMA guidelines, conducting a systematic literature search across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore to identify relevant studies published between 2000 and 2024. A meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4 assessed the effectiveness of global response strategies in reducing outbreak severity, with heterogeneity measured via the I² statistic and a random-effects model applied to account for variability. After MeSH term filtering and full-text screening, 21 studies were included from an initial 13,415 records, strengthening the reliability of findings. Results: Findings indicate that while global response strategies have improved over time, significant gaps remain in early detection, data sharing, and coordinated action. The study highlights the strengths and weaknesses of various intervention models, the role of technological advancements in surveillance, and disparities in resource allocation across regions. Conclusion: A more integrated, multi-sectoral approach is necessary to enhance global preparedness and response to EIDs. Strengthening international collaborations, improving surveillance infrastructure, and ensuring equitable access to healthcare resources are crucial steps toward mitigating future outbreaks. Future research should focus on refining response strategies and addressing policy gaps to enhance global resilience against EIDs.

Suggested Citation

  • Chinua Onyebuchi & Hillary Nkem Okeke & Oluchi Hope Uzochukwu & Abe Oluwadamilola Racheal & Excellence Kolade & Alswell Okechukwu Onyebuchi & Emmanuella Odekhe & David Izuchukwu Onyebuchi, 2025. "Emerging Infectious Diseases and Global Response Strategies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI), vol. 12(15), pages 378-397, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bjc:journl:v:12:y:2025:i:15:p:378-397
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrsi/digital-library/volume-12-issue-15/378-397.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrsi/articles/emerging-infectious-diseases-and-global-response-strategies-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jessica Morley & Josh Cowls & Mariarosaria Taddeo & Luciano Floridi, 2020. "Ethical guidelines for COVID-19 tracing apps," Nature, Nature, vol. 582(7810), pages 29-31, June.
    2. Kate E. Jones & Nikkita G. Patel & Marc A. Levy & Adam Storeygard & Deborah Balk & John L. Gittleman & Peter Daszak, 2008. "Global trends in emerging infectious diseases," Nature, Nature, vol. 451(7181), pages 990-993, February.
    3. Colin J. Carlson & Gregory F. Albery & Cory Merow & Christopher H. Trisos & Casey M. Zipfel & Evan A. Eskew & Kevin J. Olival & Noam Ross & Shweta Bansal, 2022. "Climate change increases cross-species viral transmission risk," Nature, Nature, vol. 607(7919), pages 555-562, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Magdalena Meyer & Dominik W. Melville & Heather J. Baldwin & Kerstin Wilhelm & Evans Ewald Nkrumah & Ebenezer K. Badu & Samuel Kingsley Oppong & Nina Schwensow & Adam Stow & Peter Vallo & Victor M. Co, 2024. "Bat species assemblage predicts coronavirus prevalence," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. World Bank, 2022. "Putting Pandemics Behind Us," World Bank Publications - Reports 38200, The World Bank Group.
    3. Renata L. Muylaert & David A. Wilkinson & Tigga Kingston & Paolo D’Odorico & Maria Cristina Rulli & Nikolas Galli & Reju Sam John & Phillip Alviola & David T. S. Hayman, 2023. "Using drivers and transmission pathways to identify SARS-like coronavirus spillover risk hotspots," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Nikolett Orosz & Tünde Tóthné Tóth & Gyöngyi Vargáné Gyuró & Zsoltné Tibor Nábrádi & Klára Hegedűsné Sorosi & Zsuzsa Nagy & Éva Rigó & Ádám Kaposi & Gabriella Gömöri & Cornelia Melinda Adi Santoso & A, 2022. "Comparison of Length of Hospital Stay for Community-Acquired Infections Due to Enteric Pathogens, Influenza Viruses and Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hungary," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-16, November.
    5. Chunrong Mi & Liang Ma & Mengyuan Yang & Xinhai Li & Shai Meiri & Uri Roll & Oleksandra Oskyrko & Daniel Pincheira-Donoso & Lilly P. Harvey & Daniel Jablonski & Barbod Safaei-Mahroo & Hanyeh Ghaffari , 2023. "Global Protected Areas as refuges for amphibians and reptiles under climate change," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    6. World Bank, 2024. "Toward a One Health Approach in Sudan," World Bank Publications - Reports 41580, The World Bank Group.
    7. Ceddia, M.G. & Bardsley, N.O. & Goodwin, R. & Holloway, G.J. & Nocella, G. & Stasi, A., 2013. "A complex system perspective on the emergence and spread of infectious diseases: Integrating economic and ecological aspects," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 124-131.
    8. Livia Marchetti & Valentina Cattivelli & Claudia Cocozza & Fabio Salbitano & Marco Marchetti, 2020. "Beyond Sustainability in Food Systems: Perspectives from Agroecology and Social Innovation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-24, September.
    9. Maxwell B Joseph & William E Stutz & Pieter T J Johnson, 2016. "Multilevel Models for the Distribution of Hosts and Symbionts," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(11), pages 1-15, November.
    10. Laure Bonnaud & Nicolas Fortané, 2017. "Serge Morand and Muriel Figuié (eds), 2016, Emergence de maladies infectieuses. Risques et enjeux de société (The emergence of infectious diseases. Societal risks and stakes)," Review of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Studies, Springer, vol. 98(3), pages 225-228, December.
    11. Qiang Wang & Yuanfan Li & Rongrong Li, 2024. "Rethinking the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis across 214 countries: the impacts of 12 economic, institutional, technological, resource, and social factors," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, December.
    12. repec:plo:pmed00:1000272 is not listed on IDEAS
    13. Chen, Xiaowei & Chong, Wing Fung & Feng, Runhuan & Zhang, Linfeng, 2021. "Pandemic risk management: Resources contingency planning and allocation," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(PB), pages 359-383.
    14. Lin Zhang & Jason Rohr & Ruina Cui & Yusi Xin & Lixia Han & Xiaona Yang & Shimin Gu & Yuanbao Du & Jing Liang & Xuyu Wang & Zhengjun Wu & Qin Hao & Xuan Liu, 2022. "Biological invasions facilitate zoonotic disease emergences," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    15. Ricardo Aguas & Neil M Ferguson, 2013. "Feature Selection Methods for Identifying Genetic Determinants of Host Species in RNA Viruses," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(10), pages 1-10, October.
    16. Katarzyna Kubiak & Hanna Szymańska & Małgorzata Dmitryjuk & Ewa Dzika, 2022. "Abundance of Ixodes ricinus Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and the Diversity of Borrelia Species in Northeastern Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-18, June.
    17. Joseph L.-H. Tsui & Rosario Evans Pena & Monika Moir & Rhys P. D. Inward & Eduan Wilkinson & James Emmanuel San & Jenicca Poongavanan & Sumali Bajaj & Bernardo Gutierrez & Abhishek Dasgupta & Tulio Ol, 2024. "Impacts of climate change-related human migration on infectious diseases," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 14(8), pages 793-802, August.
    18. Luiza M Karpavicius & Ariaster Chimeli, 2023. "Forest Protection and Human Health: The Case of Malaria in the Brazilian Amazon," Working Papers, Department of Economics 2023_08, University of São Paulo (FEA-USP), revised 26 Jul 2023.
    19. Kranz, Johann & Zeiss, Roman & Beck, Roman & Gholami, Roya & Sarker, Saonee & Watson, Richard T. & Whitley, Edgar A., 2022. "Practicing what we preach? Reflections on more sustainable and responsible IS research and teaching practices," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 116677, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    20. Viktoriia Shubina & Sylvia Holcer & Michael Gould & Elena Simona Lohan, 2020. "Survey of Decentralized Solutions with Mobile Devices for User Location Tracking, Proximity Detection, and Contact Tracing in the COVID-19 Era," Data, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-40, September.
    21. Acurio Vásconez, Verónica & Damette, Olivier & Shanafelt, David W., 2023. "Macroepidemics and unconventional monetary policy," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bjc:journl:v:12:y:2025:i:15:p:378-397. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Dr. Renu Malsaria (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijrsi/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.