Fishing Hiatus: A Qualitative Study on the Challenges and Adaptation Strategies of Fisherfolk Under the Closed Fishing Policy in Davao Gulf

The government has implemented a closed fishing policy in Davao Gulf, prohibiting large-scale fishing in the area for three months from June to August of every year to conserve the small pelagic fish in the area. Although specifically designed as a conservation measure, the closed season also dramatically affects the livelihood of fisherfolk who work in commercial fishing vessels or whose fishing operations are prohibited by the policy. This study aims to study the challenges experienced by the fisherfolk and the adaptation strategies they employ during the closed season. Using a phenomenological approach, data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with five fisherfolk members affected by the closed fishing policy and two Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources XI officials. The researchers used thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns in the participants’ responses. After a thorough examination by the data analyst, seven key themes emerged: livelihood disruption with financial instability and emotional strain; compliance amid accessibility challenges and policy discontent; tension between conservation policy and the realities faced by fisherfolk; short-term relief outweighed by long-term struggle; aid distribution challenges and budget constraints by concerned office; difficulties in pursuing alternative livelihoods with limited support; and gaps in awareness, association benefits, and aid effectiveness. The results reveal how the closed fishing policy significantly affects the livelihood and economic security of the fisherfolk while presenting the challenges of the available meaningful support programs from the BFAR, such as a lack of budget. Understanding the lived experiences of the fisherfolk during the closed season offers an avenue for policymakers to create a more inclusive policy that effectively addresses and ensures the balance of both the sustainability of marine resources and the livelihood of fisherfolk.