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Major depressive episodes and work stress: Results from a national population survey

Author

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  • Blackmore, E.R.
  • Stansfeld, S.A.
  • Weller, I.
  • Munce, S.
  • Zagorski, B.M.
  • Stewart, D.E.

Abstract

Objectives. We determined the proportion of workers meeting criteria for major depressive episodes in the past year and examined the association between psychosocial work-stress variables and these episodes. Methods. Data were derived from the Canadian Community Health Survey 1.2, a population-based survey of 24324 employed, community-dwelling individuals conducted in 2002. We assessed depressive episodes using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Results. Of the original sample, 4.6% (weighted n=745948) met criteria for major depressive episodes. High job strain was significantly associated with depression among men (odds ratio [OR]=2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.29, 4.37), and lack of social support at work was significantly associated with depression in both genders (men, OR=2.70; 95% CI=1.55, 4.71; women, OR=2.37; 95% CI=1.71, 3.29). Women with low levels of decision authority were more likely to have depression (OR=1.59; 95% CI=1.06, 2.39) than were women with high levels of authority. Conclusions. A significant proportion of the workforce experienced major depressive episodes in the year preceding our study. Gender differences appear to affect work-stress factors that increase risk for depression. Prevention strategies need to be developed with employers and employee organizations to address work organization and to increase social support.

Suggested Citation

  • Blackmore, E.R. & Stansfeld, S.A. & Weller, I. & Munce, S. & Zagorski, B.M. & Stewart, D.E., 2007. "Major depressive episodes and work stress: Results from a national population survey," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(11), pages 2088-2093.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2006.104406_3
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2006.104406
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    Cited by:

    1. Won Ju Hwang & Jin Ah Kim & Sally H. Rankin, 2017. "Depressive Symptom and Related Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study of Korean Female Workers Working at Traditional Markets," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-11, November.
    2. Mohamed Youssef Mohamed & Amira Naseeb Elbatrawy & Dalia Abdel Moneim Mahmoud & Mohamed Maged Mohamed & Eman S Rabie, 2023. "Depression and suicidal ideations in relation to occupational stress in a sample of Egyptian medical residents," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 69(1), pages 14-22, February.
    3. Marchand, Alain & Bilodeau, Jaunathan & Demers, Andrée & Beauregard, Nancy & Durand, Pierre & Haines, Victor Y., 2016. "Gendered depression: Vulnerability or exposure to work and family stressors?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 160-168.
    4. M. Ryan Haley & Laurie A. Miller, 2022. "Worker Preferences for Flexible Working Arrangements in Prospective Jobs," Business and Economic Research, Macrothink Institute, vol. 12(1), pages 2843-2843, December.
    5. Högnäs, Robin S. & Bijlsma, Maarten J. & Högnäs, Ulf & Blomqvist, Sandra & Westerlund, Hugo & Hanson, Linda Magnusson, 2022. "It's giving me the blues: A fixed-effects and g-formula approach to understanding job insecurity, sleep disturbances, and major depression," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 297(C).
    6. Chad D. Cotti & M. Ryan Haley & Laurie A. Miller, 2014. "Workplace Flexibilities, Job Satisfaction and Union Membership in the US Workforce," British Journal of Industrial Relations, London School of Economics, vol. 52(3), pages 403-425, September.
    7. Saila Kyrönlahti & Subas Neupane & Clas-Håkan Nygård & Jodi Oakman & Soile Juutinen & Anne Mäkikangas, 2022. "Perceived Work Ability during Enforced Working from Home Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic among Finnish Higher Educational Staff," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-13, May.

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