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Effect of cross-level interaction between individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status on adult mortality rates

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  • Winkleby, M.
  • Cubbin, C.
  • Ahn, D.

Abstract

Objective. We examined whether the influence of neighborhood-level socioeconomic status (SES) on mortality differed by individual-level SES. Methods. We used a population-based, mortality follow-up study of 4476 women and 3721 men, who were predominately non-Hispanic White and aged 25-74 years at baseline, from 82 neighborhoods in 4 California cities. Participants were surveyed between 1979 and 1990, and were followed until December 31, 2002 (1148 deaths; mean follow-up time 17.4 years). Neighborhood SES was defined by 5 census variables and was divided into 3 levels. Individual SES was defined by a composite of educational level and household income and was divided into tertiles. Results. Death rates among women of low SES were highest in high-SES neighborhoods (1907/100 000 person-years), lower in moderate-SES neighborhoods (1323), and lowest in low-SES neighborhoods (1128). Similar to women, rates among men of low SES were 1928, 1646, and 1590 in high-, moderate-, and low-SES neighborhoods, respectively. Differences were not explained by individual-level baseline risk factors. Conclusion. The disparities in mortality by neighborhood of residence among women and men of low SES demonstrate that they do not benefit from the higher quality of resources and knowledge generally associated with neighborhoods that have higher SES.

Suggested Citation

  • Winkleby, M. & Cubbin, C. & Ahn, D., 2006. "Effect of cross-level interaction between individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status on adult mortality rates," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 96(12), pages 2145-2153.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2004.060970_7
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.060970
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    1. Kravdal, Øystein, 2009. "Mortality effects of average education in current and earlier municipality of residence among internal migrants, net of their own education," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 69(10), pages 1484-1492, November.
    2. Nicolle A Mode & Michele K Evans & Alan B Zonderman, 2016. "Race, Neighborhood Economic Status, Income Inequality and Mortality," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(5), pages 1-14, May.
    3. Masi, Christopher M. & Hawkley, Louise C. & Harry Piotrowski, Z. & Pickett, Kate E., 2007. "Neighborhood economic disadvantage, violent crime, group density, and pregnancy outcomes in a diverse, urban population," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(12), pages 2440-2457, December.
    4. Arnhild Myhr & Monica Lillefjell & Geir Arild Espnes & Thomas Halvorsen, 2017. "Do family and neighbourhood matter in secondary school completion? A multilevel study of determinants and their interactions in a life-course perspective," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(2), pages 1-21, February.
    5. Roth, Adam R. & Denney, Justin T. & Amiri, Solmaz & Amram, Ofer, 2020. "Characteristics of place and the rural disadvantage in deaths from highly preventable causes," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    6. Karin Hederos Eriksson & Randi Hjalmarsson & Matthew J. Lindquist & Anna Sandberg, 2016. "The importance of family background and neighborhood effects as determinants of crime," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 29(1), pages 219-262, January.
    7. Albor, C. & Uphoff, E.P. & Stafford, M. & Ballas, D. & Wilkinson, R.G. & Pickett, K.E., 2014. "The effects of socioeconomic incongruity in the neighbourhood on social support, self-esteem and mental health in England," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 1-9.
    8. Green, Mark A., 2013. "The equalisation hypothesis and changes in geographical inequalities of age based mortality in England, 2002–2004 to 2008–2010," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 93-98.
    9. Chan‐Hoong Leong & Soo Jiuan Tan & Elizabeth A. Minton & Siok Kuan Tambyah, 2021. "Economic hardship and neighborhood diversity: Influences on consumer well‐being," Journal of Consumer Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 55(4), pages 1226-1248, December.
    10. Justin T. Denney & Jarron M. Saint Onge & Jeff A. Dennis, 2018. "Neighborhood Concentrated Disadvantage and Adult Mortality: Insights for Racial and Ethnic Differences," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 37(2), pages 301-321, April.
    11. Chun-Ming Chang & Yu-Chieh Su & Ning-Sheng Lai & Kuang-Yung Huang & Sou-Hsin Chien & Yu-Han Chang & Wei-Cheng Lian & Ta-Wen Hsu & Ching-Chih Lee, 2012. "The Combined Effect of Individual and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status on Cancer Survival Rates," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(8), pages 1-10, August.
    12. Hiroshi Murayama & Reiko Arami & Tomoko Wakui & Ikuko Sugawara & Satoru Yoshie, 2014. "Cross-level interaction between individual and neighbourhood socioeconomic status in relation to social trust in a Japanese community," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 51(13), pages 2770-2786, October.
    13. Maharani, Asri & Sinclair, David R. & Chandola, Tarani & Bower, Peter & Clegg, Andrew & Hanratty, Barbara & Nazroo, James & Pendleton, Neil & Tampubolon, Gindo & Todd, Chris & Wittenberg, Raphael & O', 2023. "Household wealth, neighbourhood deprivation and frailty amongst middle-aged and older adults in England: a longitudinal analysis over 15 years (2002-2017)," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118661, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    14. Zhang, Wei & McCubbin, Hamilton & McCubbin, Laurie & Chen, Qi & Foley, Shirley & Strom, Ida & Kehl, Lisa, 2010. "Education and self-rated health: An individual and neighborhood level analysis of Asian Americans, Hawaiians, and Caucasians in Hawaii," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(4), pages 561-569, February.

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