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Helicopter Money: What Is It and What Does It Do?

Author

Listed:
  • Ricardo Reis

    (Department of Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom)

  • Silvana Tenreyro

    (Department of Economics, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom)

Abstract

We review the different meanings of helicopter money, both in the literature and in the public debate around it, and we clarify the conditions under which helicopter money can have an impact on real activity. To do so, we set out a simple model that encapsulates a number of potential channels of policy transmission. The model provides a taxonomy of possibilities for helicopter money to affect the economy, as well as a benchmark set of conditions under which helicopter money is neutral. We use the model to analyze and discuss the impact that helicopter drops might have in response to a number of economic shocks, including a financial crisis, a fiscal crisis, and a pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Ricardo Reis & Silvana Tenreyro, 2022. "Helicopter Money: What Is It and What Does It Do?," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 14(1), pages 313-335, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:anr:reveco:v:14:y:2022:p:313-335
    DOI: 10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-020618
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    Cited by:

    1. Seip, Knut L. & Zhang, Dan, 2025. "A tale of the two recessions 2008 and 2020: What do the Taylor rule, the Phillips curve and Okun's law tell?," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 47(3), pages 681-701.
    2. Klus, Sylwia & Rogalinska, Aleksandra & Stefanski, Artur & Urbanowicz, Zuzanna & Wanat, Leszek, 2023. "Dilemmas of Bank Activities Under Economic Uncertainty -Selected Examples from the Polish Market from the Pandemic Period," Roczniki (Annals), Polish Association of Agricultural Economists and Agribusiness - Stowarzyszenie Ekonomistow Rolnictwa e Agrobiznesu (SERiA), vol. 2023(3).
    3. Temperini, Jacopo & D'Ippoliti, Carlo & Gobbi, Lucio, 2024. "Is the time ripe for helicopter money? Growth impact and financial stability risks of outright monetary transfers," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 24-36.
    4. Max Sina Knicker & Karl Naumann-Woleske & Jean-Philippe Bouchaud & Francesco Zamponi, 2025. "Post-COVID inflation and the monetary policy dilemma: an agent-based scenario analysis," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 20(1), pages 141-195, January.
    5. Ida Daisuke & Okano Mitsuhiro, 2024. "Does Nominal Wage Stickiness Affect Fiscal Multiplier in a Two-Agent New Keynesian Model?," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, vol. 24(2), pages 883-928.
    6. Christiaan van der Kwaak, 2024. "Monetary financing does not produce miraculous fiscal multipliers," Discussion Papers 2417, Centre for Macroeconomics (CFM).
    7. Cars Hommes & Julien Pinter & Isabelle Salle, 2023. "What People Believe about Monetary Finance and What We Can(‘t) Do about It: Evidence from a Large-Scale, Multi-Country Survey Experiment," CESifo Working Paper Series 10574, CESifo.
    8. repec:osf:osfxxx:j7phu_v1 is not listed on IDEAS

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E63 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy; Stabilization; Treasury Policy
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles

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