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Verzögerungen und starke Preissteigerungen im Containerfrachtverkehr – Bedeutung für den österreichischen Außenhandel

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  • Elisabeth Christen
  • Yvonne Wolfmayr

Abstract

Ab der Jahresmitte 2020 kletterten die Frachtraten für Schiffscontainer in ungeahnte Höhen. Die rasch einsetzende Erholung der Sachgütererzeugung und Besonderheiten im Erholungsmuster des Welthandels durch ein verändertes Konsumverhalten während der COVID-19-Pandemie zählten zu den wichtigsten Gründen. Die Verlangsamung in der maritimen Lieferkette und die Suezkanal-Blockade verschärften die Situation weiter. Vor allem die Schiffsroute von Asien nach Europa war von den Preissteigerungen betroffen. Österreich importiert Waren im Wert von 14,5 Mrd. € aus Asien und rund 40% (5,6 Mrd. €) davon über den Seeweg. Aus China stammen davon mehr als die Hälfte dieser maritimen Importe aus Asien. Der Großteil davon fällt auf Kraftfahrzeuge, mechanische und elektrische Geräte (z. B. Waschmaschinen, Kühlschränke), Möbel und andere Konsumgüter. Insgesamt dürften rund 17% der österreichischen Extra-EU-Importe, bzw. rund 4% der österreichischen Gesamtimporte, von der rasanten Kostensteigerung auf den Schiffsrouten von Asien nach Europa betroffen sein. Internationale Prognosen gehen derzeit davon aus, dass sich die daraus ergebende Lieferproblematik im weiteren Jahresverlauf beruhigt und die Wachstumsaussichten für die Produktion und den Außenhandel nicht wesentlich beeinträchtigt werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Elisabeth Christen & Yvonne Wolfmayr, 2021. "Verzögerungen und starke Preissteigerungen im Containerfrachtverkehr – Bedeutung für den österreichischen Außenhandel," WIFO Research Briefs 7, WIFO.
    • Handle: RePEc:wfo:rbrief:y:2021:i:7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wifo, 2022. "WIFO-Monatsberichte, Heft 5/2022," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 95(5), May.
    2. Roman Stöllinger & Robert Stehrer & Harald Oberhofer & Yvonne Wolfmayr, 2021. "FIW-Jahresgutachten UDPATE 2021: Aktualisierte Prognose zur Entwicklung der globalen und heimischen Außenwirtschaft," FIW Annual Report on the Status of the Austrian External Sector series 004, FIW.

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