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Inequality of outcomes and inequality of opportunities in Brazil

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  • Fran?s Bourguignon
  • Francisco H. G. Ferreira
  • Marta Menendez

Abstract

The authors depart from John Roemer's theory of equality of opportunities. They seek to determine what part of observed outcome inequality may be attributed to differences in observed"circumstances,"including family background, and what part is due to"personal efforts."The authors use a microeconometric technique to simulate what the distribution of outcomes would look like if circumstances were the same for everybody. They apply this technique to Brazilian data from the 1996 household survey, both for earnings and for household incomes. The authors show that observed circumstances are a major source of outcome inequality in Brazil, probably more so than in other countries for which information is available. Nevertheless, the level of inequality after observed circumstances are equalized remains very high in Brazil.

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Bibliographic Info

Paper provided by The World Bank in its series Policy Research Working Paper Series with number 3174.

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Date of creation: 01 Dec 2003
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Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:3174

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Keywords: Economic Theory&Research; Public Health Promotion; Curriculum&Instruction; Teaching and Learning; Health Monitoring&Evaluation; Health Monitoring&Evaluation; Teaching and Learning; Economic Theory&Research; Inequality; Poverty Impact Evaluation;

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  1. Jere Behrman R. & Alejandro Gavieria Uribe & Miguel Szekely Sánchez, 2001. "Intergenerational Mobility in Latin America," WORKING PAPERS SERIES. DOCUMENTOS DE TRABAJO 002914, FEDESARROLLO.
  2. Ferreira, Francisco H. G. & Lanjouw, Peter & Neri, Marcelo Cortes, 2002. "A Robust Poverty Profile for Brazil Using Multiple Data Sources," Economics Working Papers (Ensaios Economicos da EPGE) 444, Graduate School of Economics, Getulio Vargas Foundation (Brazil).
  3. Thomas Piketty, 1994. "Social Mobility and Redistributive Politics," Working papers 94-15, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Department of Economics.
  4. Kaivan Munshi & Mark Rosenzweig, 2006. "Traditional Institutions Meet the Modern World: Caste, Gender, and Schooling Choice in a Globalizing Economy," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 96(4), pages 1225-1252, September.
  5. Valéria Pero, 2001. "Et, à Rio, plus ça reste le même... Tendências da mobilidade social intergeracional no Rio de Janeiro," Anais do XXIX Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 29th Brazilian Economics Meeting] 096, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pósgraduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics].
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  1. La desigualdad de oportunidades: una literatura emergente
    by Guest blogger in Hacia el desarrollo efectivo on 2011-12-07 21:22:05
  2. La desigualdad de oportunidades: una literatura emergente
    by Guest blogger in Hacia el desarrollo efectivo on 2011-12-07 21:22:05
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