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Did Covid-19 lead to an increase in hate crimes towards Chinese people in London?

Author

Listed:
  • Chelsea Gray

    (Metropolitan Police and University College London)

  • Kirstine Hansen

    (University College London)

Abstract

There is a long history of research that shows how world events can influence attitudes and behaviours towards whole groups of nations, religions, ethnicities and racial groups. In this paper we examine whether Covid-19, which at the time of writing was widely believed to have originated in China, negatively affected the environment for Chinese people in London leading to an increase in hate crimes towards this group relative to others. We test our hypothesis using data from the Metropolitan Police for the whole of the Metropolitan area of London. We use a difference-in-differences approach to examine what happened to hate crimes against Chinese people in London in the months before (Oct 2019-Dec 2019) and the months after the Covid-19 pandemic (Jan-Mar 2020) relative to other ethnic groups, to other crimes and to other time periods. Our methodology utilises the fact that Covid-19 came as an unexpected shock, which very quickly changed the environment for crime, and did so differentially across ethnicities. We argue that this shock is likely to negatively impact on attitudes and behaviours towards Chinese people, but have no effect on other ethnicities. Our results show that in the months after Covid-19 there was an increase in hate crimes against Chinese people in London, but this increase was not seen amongst the other ethnic groups examined, other non-hate crimes, nor in any other time period. This leads us to conclude that Covid-19 lead to an increase in hate crimes against Chinese people in London.

Suggested Citation

  • Chelsea Gray & Kirstine Hansen, 2020. "Did Covid-19 lead to an increase in hate crimes towards Chinese people in London?," DoQSS Working Papers 20-05, Quantitative Social Science - UCL Social Research Institute, University College London.
    • Handle: RePEc:qss:dqsswp:2005
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    File URL: http://repec.ioe.ac.uk/REPEc/pdf/qsswp2005.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Matthew A. Gentzkow & Jesse M. Shapiro, 2004. "Media, Education and Anti-Americanism in the Muslim World," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 18(3), pages 117-133, Summer.
    2. Herek, G.M. & Capitanio, J.P., 1993. "Public reactions to AIDS in the United States: A second decade of stigma," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 83(4), pages 574-577.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chelsea Gray & Kirstine Hansen, 2021. "Did the first Covid-19 national lockdown lead to an increase in domestic abuse in London?," DoQSS Working Papers 21-27, Quantitative Social Science - UCL Social Research Institute, University College London.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Covid-19; hate crimes; victimisation; Chinese; London;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B41 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Economic Methodology - - - Economic Methodology
    • B55 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Current Heterodox Approaches - - - Social Economics
    • C01 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - General - - - Econometrics
    • C12 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Hypothesis Testing: General
    • C25 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions; Probabilities
    • C52 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
    • K42 - Law and Economics - - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior - - - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law

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