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Islamic banking: 40 years later, still interest-based? Evidence from Malaysia

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  • Gulzar, Rosana
  • Masih, Mansur

Abstract

As Islamic banking comes of age 40 years after its beginning, scholars and academics are calling for a better version 2. Regulators in Malaysia and Pakistan are pushing the industry to adopt more Islamic contracts which live up to the spirits of Shariah. Malaysia, specifically, has launched the Islamic Financial Services Act 2013 (IFSA) as a step in this direction. To facilitate the transition, this study has two objectives; to test whether conventional rates is still cointegrated with Islamic banks’ profit rates in Malaysia and a ranking of the exogeneity of the factors that affect the profit rates. It uses a range of multivariate time series techniques namely the cointegration test, vector error correction model (VECM), cumulative sum (CUSUM) and cumulative sum of squares (CUSUMSQ) tests, variance decomposition (VDC), impulse response and persistence profiles. This study contributes to the literature through its use of the latest data (up to December 2014) and its rank of less-tested variables such as the ratio of Islamic deposits to total Islamic assets. The VDC ranking can also serve as a basis for comparison for the effects of IFSA. This research finds that Islamic profit rates are still cointegrated withconventional rates such as the overnight policy rate (OPR) and fixed deposit rates. Additionally, it is also led by Islamic banks’ dependency on deposits for funding and their market shares. These findings may give urgency to policy makers and practitioners to evolutionise current Islamic banking practices towards what is likely to be a more stable financial system.

Suggested Citation

  • Gulzar, Rosana & Masih, Mansur, 2015. "Islamic banking: 40 years later, still interest-based? Evidence from Malaysia," MPRA Paper 65840, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:65840
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Asli Demirguk-Kunt & Thorsten Beck & Ouarda Merrouche, 2013. "Islamic Banking versus Conventional Banking: Business model, Efficiency, and Stability," Post-Print hal-01638080, HAL.
    2. Serhan Cevik & Joshua Charap, 2015. "The Behavior of Conventional and Islamic Bank Deposit Returns in Malaysia and Turkey," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 5(1), pages 111-124.
    3. Khan, Feisal, 2010. "How 'Islamic' is Islamic Banking?," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 76(3), pages 805-820, December.
    4. Beck, Thorsten & Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli & Merrouche, Ouarda, 2013. "Islamic vs. conventional banking: Business model, efficiency and stability," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 433-447.
    5. Chong, Beng Soon & Liu, Ming-Hua, 2009. "Islamic banking: Interest-free or interest-based?," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 17(1), pages 125-144, January.
    6. Farook, Sayd & Hassan, M. Kabir & Clinch, Gregory, 2012. "Profit distribution management by Islamic banks: An empirical investigation," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(3), pages 333-347.
    7. Azmat, Saad & Skully, Michael & Brown, Kym, 2015. "Can Islamic banking ever become Islamic?," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 253-272.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Guglielmo Maria Caporale & Mohamad Husam Helmi, 2018. "Islamic banking, credit, and economic growth: Some empirical evidence," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 23(4), pages 456-477, October.
    2. Guglielmo Maria Caporale & Abdurrahman Nazif Catik & Mohamad Husam Helmi & Faek Menla Ali & Mohammad Tajik, 2016. "The Bank Lending Channel in a Dual Banking System: Evidence from Malaysia," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1557, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    3. Zain, Syahirah & Masih, Mansur, 2018. "Are profit rates of the islamic investment deposit accounts independent of the interest rates of conventional banks ?," MPRA Paper 106800, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Assad Ullah & Xinshun Zhao & Muhammad Abdul Kamal & Adeel Riaz & Bowen Zheng, 2021. "Exploring asymmetric relationship between Islamic banking development and economic growth in Pakistan: Fresh evidence from a non‐linear ARDL approach," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(4), pages 6168-6187, October.
    5. Hasan, Zubair, 2016. "Risk-sharing the sole basis of Islamic finance? time for a serious rethink," MPRA Paper 72252, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 15 Apr 2018.
    6. Zubair Hasan, 2016. "Risk-Sharing: The Sole Basis of Islamic Finance? Time for a Serious Rethink المشاركة في المخاطر: الأساس الوحيد للتمويل الإسلامي؟ حان الوقت لإعادة التفكير الجدي في الموضوع," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 29(2), pages 23-36, January.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Profit rates; investment account rates; interest rates; OPR; IFSA; Time Series;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C58 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Financial Econometrics
    • E43 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects

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