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Effizienz oder Gerechtigkeit? Ungleiche Einkommen, ungleiche Vermögen und die Theorie der optimalen Besteuerung

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  • Felix Bierbrauer

    (Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn)

Abstract

Felix Bierbrauer gibt einen Überblick der Theorie optimaler Steuern. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Weiterentwicklung dieser Theorie seit der Jahrtausendwende. Er stellt aber auch die konzeptionellen Grundlagen dar sowie die klassischen Resultate zur optimalen Besteuerung von Arbeitseinkommen, Kapitaleinkommen und Konsumausgaben. Die Theorie hat in den letzten Jahren eine quantitative Dimension hinzugewonnen, die es beispielsweise erlaubt, die Einkommensteuerzahlungen von Spitzenverdienern im Status quo und unter einem optimal gestalteten Einkommensteuertarif miteinander zu vergleichen. Die jüngere Literatur hat außerdem geklärt, unter welchen Bedingungen die Beschäftigungsaufnahme von Geringverdienern subventioniert werden sollte. Der New-Dynamic-Public-Finance-Ansatz hat ein neues und wichtiges Argument entwickelt, das für eine Besteuerung von Kapitaleinkommen spricht. Weitere Themen der jüngeren Literatur sind der Wettbewerb verschiedener Regierungen um leistungsfähige und mobile Steuerzahler sowie die Interdependenz von optimaler Steuerpolitik und optimal gestalteten Staatsausgaben.

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  • Felix Bierbrauer, 2016. "Effizienz oder Gerechtigkeit? Ungleiche Einkommen, ungleiche Vermögen und die Theorie der optimalen Besteuerung," Discussion Paper Series of the Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods 2016_03, Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods.
  • Handle: RePEc:mpg:wpaper:2016_03
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    Keywords

    Optimale Besteuerung; Einkommensteuern; Verbrauchsteuern; Besteuerung von Kapitaleinkommen; Öffentliche Güter;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
    • H40 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - General

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