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Polarisierung von Arbeitseinkommen im internationalen Vergleich – Empirische Befunde

Author

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  • Iris Burmester
  • Bettina Scherg

    (LEUPHANA University Lüneburg,Department of Economic, Behaviour and Law Sciences, Research Institute on Professions (Forschungsinstitut Freie Berufe (FFB)))

Abstract

Eine wachsende Einkommenspolarisierung und die damit verbundene Einkommensspreizung erfahren in der öffentlichen Diskussion eine steigende Aufmerksamkeit. Eine Zunahme der Polarisierung der Einkommen ist nicht nur hinsichtlich des gesellschaftlichen Zusammen-hangs und des Empfindens von Ungerechtigkeit von enormer Bedeutung, sondern auch unter wohlfahrtstheoretischen Aspekten und der Frage nach dem strukturellen Zusammenhang von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft von großer Relevanz. Bei einem Anstieg der Polarisierung verändert sich die Form der Verteilung derart, dass sowohl der obere als auch der untere Rand quantitativ an Masse gewinnt, während die Mitte der Verteilung zurückgeht. Damit stellt die Polarisierung eine spezielle Form der Ungleichheit dar. Erst seit den neunziger Jahren entstanden neue Maße, die den Unterschied zwischen Ungleichheit und Polarisierung berücksichtigen. Die Studien, die sich mit Einkommenspolarisierung befassen, beziehen sich auf die Verteilung von Einkommen auf der Haushaltsebene. Die Polarisierung von individuellen Arbeitseinkommen ist bislang nicht thematisiert worden. Diese Lücke schließt der Beitrag durch die Analyse der Polarisierung von Arbeitseinkommen unter Berücksichtigung von makroökonomischen Einflüssen. Dazu wird ein international vergleichbarer Datensatz für die 27 Länder der Europäischen Union verwendet (Working Conditions Survey (EWCS)), wodurch ein breites Spektrum verschiedener Einkommensverteilungen zur Verfügung steht. Neben der Form der Verteilung soll überprüft werden, ob Arbeitsmarktbedingungen wie Mindestlöhne mit dem Grad der Polarisierung in Zusammenhang gebracht werden können.

Suggested Citation

  • Iris Burmester & Bettina Scherg, 2013. "Polarisierung von Arbeitseinkommen im internationalen Vergleich – Empirische Befunde," FFB-Discussionpaper 96, Research Institute on Professions (Forschungsinstitut Freie Berufe (FFB)), LEUPHANA University Lüneburg.
  • Handle: RePEc:leu:wpaper:96
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Polarisierung; Arbeitseinkommen; Mindestlohn; Niedriglohn; Hochlohn; Einkommensverteilung; European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS); EU-27;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • J59 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - Other

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