IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/iza/izadps/dp4294.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf: Wie konsistent sind die Reformen?

Author

Listed:
  • Eichhorst, Werner

    (IZA)

  • Thode, Eric

    (Bertelsmann Foundation)

Abstract

Wenn institutionelle Rahmenbedingungen die Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf behindern, wird die Wahl zwischen Erwerbstätigkeit und Familiengründung zu einer echten Entweder-oder-Entscheidung. In Deutschland und vielen anderen OECD-Ländern wurden deshalb Reformen eingeleitet, um die Balance zwischen Familien- und Arbeitsleben neu auszutarieren. Dabei handelt es sich um ein Querschnittsthema, das sich nicht innerhalb einzelner Ressorts bearbeiten lässt. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich die Frage, inwiefern die Reformen in der Arbeitsmarkt-, Steuer- und Transfer-, Bildungs- und Betreuungspolitik der letzten Jahre kohärent ausgestaltet waren und die Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf verbessert haben. Beim Blick auf Deutschland wird deutlich, dass dies nicht der Fall gewesen ist und dass unterschiedliche Leitmotive und Politikziele wie materielle Absicherung und Aktivierung nach wie vor miteinander kollidieren. Hohe Geldleistungen und Steuererleichterungen sorgen für eine vergleichsweise gute finanzielle Ausstattung der Familien. Der vollwertige Erwerbszugang insbesondere von Müttern wird jedoch durch Ehegattensplitting und Minijobs behindert. Jüngere Reformen wie die Einführung des einkommensabhängigen Elterngeldes führen zu einer Verkürzung der Erwerbsunterbrechungen sowie einer stärkeren Beteiligung der Väter, setzen aber eine bedarfsgerechte Kinderbetreuung voraus. Bei Transferbeziehern wird eine stärkere Aktivierung angestrebt, aber problematische Anreizstrukturen stehen dem zum Teil entgegen. Insgesamt befindet sich Deutschland in einer durchaus widersprüchlichen Übergangssituation.

Suggested Citation

  • Eichhorst, Werner & Thode, Eric, 2009. "Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf: Wie konsistent sind die Reformen?," IZA Discussion Papers 4294, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
  • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp4294
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://docs.iza.org/dp4294.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Olivier Thévenon, 2008. "Labour force participation of women with children: disparities and developments in Europe since the 1990s," EconomiX Working Papers 2008-1, University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX.
    2. Immervoll, Herwig & Jacobsen Kleven, Henrik & Thustrup Kreiner, Claus & Verdelin, Nicolaj, 2008. "An evaluation of the tax-transfer treatment of married couples in European countries," EUROMOD Working Papers EM7/08, EUROMOD at the Institute for Social and Economic Research.
    3. Olivier Thévenon, 2008. "Family policies in Europe: available databases and initial comparisons," Vienna Yearbook of Population Research, Vienna Institute of Demography (VID) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna, vol. 6(1), pages 165-177.
    4. Esping-Andersen, Gosta, 1999. "Social Foundations of Postindustrial Economies," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198742005.
    5. Eichhorst, Werner & Thode, Eric, 2010. "Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf 2010," IZA Research Reports 30, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Boss, Alfred & Christensen, Björn & Schrader, Klaus, 2010. "Die Hartz IV-Falle: Wenn Arbeit nicht mehr lohnt," Kiel Discussion Papers 474/475, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hippolyte d'Albis & Angela Greulich & Grégory Ponthière, 2017. "Education, labour, and the demographic consequences of birth postponement in Europe," PSE-Ecole d'économie de Paris (Postprint) halshs-01509665, HAL.
    2. Jonas Wood & Karel Neels & Tine Kil, 2014. "The educational gradient of childlessness and cohort parity progression in 14 low fertility countries," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 31(46), pages 1365-1416.
    3. Karel Neels & Zita Theunynck & Jonas Wood, 2013. "Economic recession and first births in Europe: recession-induced postponement and recuperation of fertility in 14 European countries between 1970 and 2005," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 58(1), pages 43-55, February.
    4. Hippolyte d'Albis & Angela Greulich & Grégory Ponthière, 2017. "Education, labour, and the demographic consequences of birth postponement in Europe," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 36(23), pages 691-728.
    5. Eichener, Volker & Heinze, Rolf G. (ed.), 2005. "Beschäftigungspotenziale im Dienstleistungssektor," Study / edition der Hans-Böckler-Stiftung, Hans-Böckler-Stiftung, Düsseldorf, volume 127, number 140.
    6. Olivier Thévenon, 2008. "Politiques de Conciliation du Travail et de la Vie Familiale en Europe :Quelle(s) Complémentarité(s) des Aides Publiques et d'Entreprises ?," Brussels Economic Review, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, vol. 51(2/3), pages 365-385.
    7. Ngai, L. Rachel & Pissarides, Christopher A., 2009. "Welfare policy and the distribution of hours of work," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 28698, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    8. Sam Hickey & Tom Lavers & Miguel Niño-Zarazúa & Jeremy Seekings, 2018. "The negotiated politics of social protection in sub-Saharan Africa," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2018-34, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    9. Frances McGinnity & Emma Calvert, 2008. "Yuppie Kvetch? Work-life Conflict and Social Class in Western Europe," Papers WP239, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI).
    10. Yann Algan & Pierre Cahuc, 2006. "Job Protection: The Macho Hypothesis," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 22(3), pages 390-410, Autumn.
    11. Erik Stam & Roy Thurik & Peter van der Zwan, 2010. "Entrepreneurial exit in real and imagined markets," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 19(4), pages 1109-1139, August.
    12. Mahmud Rice, James & Goodin, Robert E. & Parpo, Antti, 2006. "The Temporal Welfare State: A Crossnational Comparison," Journal of Public Policy, Cambridge University Press, vol. 26(3), pages 195-228, December.
    13. Simone Schneider, 2012. "Income Inequality and its Consequences for Life Satisfaction: What Role do Social Cognitions Play?," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 106(3), pages 419-438, May.
    14. Anna Baranowska-Rataj & Anna Matysiak, 2016. "The Causal Effects of the Number of Children on Female Employment - Do European Institutional and Gender Conditions Matter?," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 37(3), pages 343-367, September.
    15. Anna Garriga & Sebastià Sarasa & Paolo Berta, 2015. "Mother’s educational level and single motherhood: Comparing Spain and Italy," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 33(42), pages 1165-1210.
    16. Bargain, Olivier & Orsini, Kristian & Peichl, Andreas, 2011. "Labor Supply Elasticities in Europe and the US," IZA Discussion Papers 5820, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    17. Thomas Leoni & Margit Schratzenstaller, 2020. "Senkung der Lohnnebenkosten und Finanzierungsvarianten. Bisherige Erkenntnisse und internationale Reformbeispiele," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 66851, February.
    18. Randy Albelda & Diana Salas Coronado, 2014. "Expanding Women's Healthcare Access in the United States: The Patchwork “Universalism†of the Affordable Care Act," Working Papers 2014_02, University of Massachusetts Boston, Economics Department.
    19. Clemens Tesch-Römer & Andreas Motel-Klingebiel & Martin Tomasik, 2008. "Gender Differences in Subjective Well-Being: Comparing Societies with Respect to Gender Equality," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 85(2), pages 329-349, January.
    20. Chris Wilson, 2013. "Thinking about post-transitional demographic regimes," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 28(46), pages 1373-1388.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    female labor force participation; part-time work; Germany; family and work life;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp4294. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Holger Hinte (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/izaaade.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.