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Inequality and Social Distancing during the Pandemic

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Abstract

We study how pre-pandemic inequalities in America influenced social distancing over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Richer counties tended to see more protective mobility responses in the initial (pre-pharmaceutical) phase, but less protective responses later. Near linearity of this income effect implies that inequality between counties contributed very little to overall mobility reductions. By contrast, higher within-county inequality and/or poverty measures came with substantially larger attenuations to non-residential mobility at given average incomes. There were also significant effects of the county’s racial and age composition. Standard epidemiological covariates of contact rates were also relevant, controlling for the socioeconomic factors.

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  • Martin Ravallion & Caitlin Brown, 2022. "Inequality and Social Distancing during the Pandemic," Working Papers gueconwpa~22-22-09, Georgetown University, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:geo:guwopa:gueconwpa~22-22-09
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Epidemiology; COVID-19; poverty; inequality; race;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality
    • I15 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Economic Development
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration

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