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U.S. investors' emerging market equity portfolios: a security-level analysis

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Author Info
Hali J. Edison
Francis E. Warnock

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Abstract

We analyze a unique data set and uncover a remarkable result that casts a new light on the home bias phenomenon. The data are comprehensive, security-level holdings of emerging market equities by U.S. investors. We document, as expected, that at a point in time U.S. portfolios are tilted towards firms that are large, have fewer restrictions on foreign ownership, or are cross-listed on a U.S. exchange. The size of the cross-listing effect is striking. In contrast to the well-documented underweighting of foreign stocks, emerging market equities that are cross-listed on a U.S. exchange are incorporated into U.S. portfolios at full international CAPM weights. Our results suggest that information asymmetries play an important role in equity home bias and that the benefits of international risk sharing are limited to select firms.

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Paper provided by Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) in its series International Finance Discussion Papers with number 771.

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Date of creation: 2003
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Keywords: Investments; Foreign;

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This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports: References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Reena Aggarwal & Leora Klapper & Peter D. Wysocki, 2003. "Portfolio preferences of foreign institutional investors," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3101, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Craig Doidge & G. Andrew Karolyi & Rene M. Stulz, 2001. "Why are Foreign Firms Listed in the U.S. Worth More?," NBER Working Papers 8538, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Holland, Sara B. & Warnock, Francis E., 2003. "Firm-level access to international capital markets: evidence from Chilean equities," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 4(1), pages 39-51, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Del Guercio, Diane, 1996. "The distorting effect of the prudent-man laws on institutional equity investments," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 31-62, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Karen K. Lewis, 1999. "Trying to Explain Home Bias in Equities and Consumption," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 37(2), pages 571-608, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Chari, Anusha & Henry, Peter B., 2002. "Capital Account Liberalization: Allocative Efficiency or Animal Spirits?," Research Papers 1737, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business. [Downloadable!]
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  13. Alan G. Ahearne & William L. Griever & Francis E. Warnock, 2000. "Information costs and home bias: an analysis of U.S. holdings of foreign equities," International Finance Discussion Papers 691, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  14. Stulz, Rene M, 1981. "On the Effects of Barriers to International Investment," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 36(4), pages 923-34, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  17. William A. Reese, Jr. & Michael S. Weisbach, 2001. "Protection of Minority Shareholder Interests, Cross-listings in the United States, and Subsequent Equity Offerings," NBER Working Papers 8164, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  18. Fama, Eugene F. & French, Kenneth R., 1988. "Dividend yields and expected stock returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 3-25, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  19. Black, Fischer, 1974. "International capital market equilibrium with investment barriers," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 1(4), pages 337-352, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  20. Sara B. Holland & Francis E. Warnock, 2003. "Firm-level access to international capital markets: evidence from Chilean equities," International Finance Discussion Papers 753, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
  21. Paul A. Gompers & Andrew Metrick, 2001. "Institutional Investors And Equity Prices," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 116(1), pages 229-259, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  22. Merton, Robert C, 1987. " A Simple Model of Capital Market Equilibrium with Incomplete Information," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 42(3), pages 483-510, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  23. Gehrig, Thomas, 1993. " An Information Based Explanation of the Domestic Bias in International Equity Investment," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 95(1), pages 97-109.
  24. Joshua D. Coval & Tobias J. Moskowitz, 1999. "Home Bias at Home: Local Equity Preference in Domestic Portfolios," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 54(6), pages 2045-2073, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  25. Stephen R. Foerster & G. Andrew Karolyi, 1999. "The Effects of Market Segmentation and Investor Recognition on Asset Prices: Evidence from Foreign Stocks Listing in the United States," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 54(3), pages 981-1013, 06. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  26. Edison, Hali J. & Warnock, Francis E., 2003. "A simple measure of the intensity of capital controls," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 10(1-2), pages 81-103, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  27. Geert Bekaert & Campbell R. Harvey, 2000. "Foreign Speculators and Emerging Equity Markets," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 55(2), pages 565-613, 04. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  28. Peter Blair Henry, 2000. "Stock Market Liberalization, Economic Reform, and Emerging Market Equity Prices," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 55(2), pages 529-564, 04. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Hali J. Edison & Francis E. Warnock, 2003. "Cross-Border Listings, Capital Controls, and U.S. Equity Flows to Emerging Markets," IMF Working Papers 03/236, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  2. Sorensen, Bent E & Wu, Yi-Tsung & Yosha, Oved & Zhu, Yu, 2005. "Home Bias and International Risk Sharing: Twin Puzzles Separated at Birth," CEPR Discussion Papers 5113, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Charles P. Thomas & Francis E. Warnock & Jon Wongswan, 2004. "The performance of international portfolios," International Finance Discussion Papers 817, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
  4. Woochan Kim & Taeyoon Sung & Shang-Jin Wei, 2008. "How Does Corporate Governance Risk at Home Affect Investment Choices Abroad?," NBER Working Papers 13721, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. John Ammer & Sara B. Holland & David C. Smith & Francis E. Warnock, 2004. "Look at me now: the role of cross-listing in attracting U.S. investors," International Finance Discussion Papers 815, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
  6. Ross Levine & Sergio L. Schmukler, 2003. "Migration, Spillovers,and Trade Diversion: The Impact of Internationalization on Stock Market Liquidity," NBER Working Papers 9614, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  7. Charles P. Thomas, 2006. "The Performance of International Equity Portfolios," The Institute for International Integration Studies Discussion Paper Series iiisdp162, IIIS. [Downloadable!]
  8. Christian Leuz & Karl V. Lins & Francis E. Warnock, 2006. "Do Foreigners Invest Less in Poorly Governed Firms?," NBER Working Papers 12222, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  9. Hali J. Edison & Francis E. Warnock, 2006. "Cross-border Listings, Capital Controls, and Equity Flows To Emerging Markets," NBER Working Papers 12589, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  10. Cai, Fang & Warnock, Francis E., 2005. "International diversification at home and abroad," Discussion Paper Series 1: Economic Studies 2005,06, Deutsche Bundesbank, Research Centre. [Downloadable!]
  11. Li L. Ong & Jorge A. Chan-Lau, 2005. "U.S. Mutual Fund Retail Investors in International Equity Markets: Is the Tail Wagging the Dog?," IMF Working Papers 05/162, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  12. Charles P. Thomas & Francis E. Warnock & Jon Wongswan, 2006. "The Performance of International Equity Portfolios," NBER Working Papers 12346, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Hali J. Edison & Francis E. Warnock, 2003. "Cross-board listings, capital controls, and equity flows to emerging markets," International Finance Discussion Papers 770, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
  14. John Ammer & Sara B. Holland & David C. Smith & Francis E. Warnock, 2006. "Look at Me Now: What Attracts U.S. Shareholders?," NBER Working Papers 12500, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  15. Kho, Bong-Chan & Stulz, Rene M. & Warnock, Francis E., 2006. "Financial Globalization, Governance, and the Evolution of the Home Bias," Working Paper Series 2006-12, Ohio State University, Charles A. Dice Center for Research in Financial Economics. [Downloadable!]
  16. Brian J. Henderson & Narasimhan Jegadeesh & Michael S. Weisbach, 2004. "World Markets for Raising New Capital," NBER Working Papers 10225, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  17. Reena Aggarwal & Leora Klapper & Peter D. Wysocki, 2003. "Portfolio preferences of foreign institutional investors," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3101, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  18. Gozzi, Juan Carlos & Levine, Ross & Schmukler, Sergio L., 2008. "Patterns of international capital raisings," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4687, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  19. Barbara Berkel, 2004. "Institutional Determinants of International Equity Portfolios - A Country-Level Analysis," MEA discussion paper series 04061, Mannheim Research Institute for the Economics of Aging (MEA), University of Mannheim. [Downloadable!]
  20. Karl V. Lins & Francis E. Warnock, 2004. "Corporate governance and the shareholder base," International Finance Discussion Papers 816, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
  21. Carol C. Bertaut & Linda S. Kole, 2004. "What makes investors over or underweight? explaining international appetites for foreign equities," International Finance Discussion Papers 819, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
  22. Li L. Ong & Amadou N. R. Sy, 2004. "The Role of Mature Market Mutual Funds in Emerging Markets: Myth or Mayhem?," IMF Working Papers 04/133, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  23. John Ammer & Sara B. Holland & David C. Smith & Francis E. Warnock, 2008. "Why do U.S. cross-listings matter?," International Finance Discussion Papers 930, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
  24. Michael R. King & Dan Segal, 2006. "The Long-Term Effects of Cross-Listing Investor Recognition, and Ownership Structure on Valuation," Working Papers 06-44, Bank of Canada. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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