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Allègement du coût du travail et emploi peu qualifié : une réévaluation

Author

Listed:
  • Islem Gafsi

    (EPEE, Université d’Evry val-d’Essonne)

  • Yannick L’Horty

    (EPEE, Université d’Evry val-d’Essonne)

  • Ferhat Mihoubi

    (EPEE, Université d’Evry val-d’Essonne)

Abstract

L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer l’incidence des mesures d’allégement de cotisations sociales sur les bas salaires à partir d’un panel sectoriel (NAF 16) et sur les vingt dernières années. Le modèle de portée général décrit l’impact du progrès technique biaisé, de la conjoncture et du coût du travail et du capital sur la demande de travail qualifié et peu qualifié mais aussi sur la demande de capital, la formation des prix et des salaires. Plusieurs résultats robustes semblent émerger. Les principales possibilités de substitutions entre les facteurs de production porteraient entre le travail qualifié et peu qualifié. Le travail peu qualifié serait le facteur le plus sensible à la conjoncture et il aurait été affecté par un trend de progrès technique biaisé. Le salaire des peu qualifiés serait sensible aux termes de l’échange alors que celui des qualifiés serait plus affecté par les inflexions de la productivité du travail. Les évaluations des effets des allègements des cotisations sociales sont de ce fait révisées à la baisse avec un maximum de 150 000 emploi peu qualifiés créés ou sauvegardés.

Suggested Citation

  • Islem Gafsi & Yannick L’Horty & Ferhat Mihoubi, 2004. "Allègement du coût du travail et emploi peu qualifié : une réévaluation," Documents de recherche 04-03, Centre d'Études des Politiques Économiques (EPEE), Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne.
  • Handle: RePEc:eve:wpaper:04-03
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Islem Gafsi & Yannick L’Horty & Ferhat Mihoubi, 2004. "Vingt ans d’évolution de l’emploi peu qualifié et du coût du travail : des ruptures qui coïncident ?," Documents de recherche 04-02, Centre d'Études des Politiques Économiques (EPEE), Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne.
    2. Groen, Jan J J & Kleibergen, Frank, 2003. "Likelihood-Based Cointegration Analysis in Panels of Vector Error-Correction Models," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 21(2), pages 295-318, April.
    3. Jean-Pierre Laffargue, 1996. "Fiscalité, charges sociales, qualifications et emploi," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 125(4), pages 87-105.
    4. Laurent Bisault & Vincent Destival & Dominique Goux, 1994. "Emploi et chômage des "non-qualifiés" en France," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 273(1), pages 17-27.
    5. Kao, Chihwa, 1999. "Spurious regression and residual-based tests for cointegration in panel data," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 1-44, May.
    6. Johansen, Soren, 1995. "Likelihood-Based Inference in Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive Models," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198774501.
    7. Peter Pedroni, 1999. "Critical Values for Cointegration Tests in Heterogeneous Panels with Multiple Regressors," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 61(S1), pages 653-670, November.
    8. Sophie Audric & Pauline Givord & Corinne Prost, 2000. "Estimation de l'impact sur l'emploi non qualifié des mesures de baisse de charges," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 51(3), pages 513-522.
    9. Pedroni, Peter, 1999. "Critical Values for Cointegration Tests in Heterogeneous Panels with Multiple Regressors," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 61(0), pages 653-670, Special I.
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    Cited by:

    1. Éric Heyer & Mathieu Plane, 2012. "Impact des allégements de cotisations patronales des bas salaires sur l'emploi. L'apport des modèles macroéconomiques," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(7), pages 123-140.
    2. Mathieu Bunel & Céline Emond & Yannick L’Horty, 2012. "Évaluer les réformes des exonérations générales de cotisations sociales," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(7), pages 57-103.
    3. Michaël Zemmour, 2013. "Les dépenses socio-fiscales ayant trait à la protection sociale : état des lieux," Working Papers hal-01064750, HAL.
    4. Bertrand Lhommeau & Véronique Rémy, 2009. "Les politiques d’allégements ont-elles un effet sur la mobilité salariale des travailleurs à bas salaire ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 429(1), pages 21-49.
    5. Vincent Charlet & Philippe Frocrain, 2017. "Les limites des allégements de charges sur les bas salaires," Working Papers hal-01695167, HAL.
    6. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/eo6779thqgm5r489m6s8g682l is not listed on IDEAS
    7. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/6o65lgig8d0qcro9oj599gl90 is not listed on IDEAS

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