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Heterogeneidad en el sector informal urbano de Colombia

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  • Patrick J. McEwan

Abstract

“Hay trabajos buenos y hay trabajos malos. Los primeros tienen sueldos buenos, beneficios no monetarios adicionales y condiciones de trabajo estables. Los segundos no los tienen. En los países en vías de desarrollo, tales trabajos malos pueden llegar a ocupar más del 30 por ciento de la fuerza laboral urbana. Esta observación sencilla es la semilla de una literatura inmensa y creciente, la cual divide el empleo urbano en una aguda dicotomía: por un lado, 'l sector "informal", "tradicional", o "secundario". Por el otro, el sector "formal", "moderno", o "primario". Sin embargo, varios estudios muestran que los trabajos y los trabajadores del llamado sector informal urbano no son homogéneos. Este trabajo pretende desarrollar, de manera conceptual y empírica, la idea del sector informal heterogéneo. Después de hacer la división inicial entre los sectores formal e informal, se hace una discusión más profunda de la heterogeneidad del sector informal, enfocándola en dos conceptos: las barreras a la entrada a los trabajos informales y el ciclo de vida del trabajador informal. Esta discusión se usa para adelantar una tipología de tres segmentos del sector informal urbano: 1. El segmento dinámico, compuesto por los trabajadores informales de mayores ingresos y mayor potencial empresarial; 2. El segmento intermedio, compuesto por trabajadores que utilizan el sector informal urbano como herramienta temporal para acumular capital humano y conseguir empleo formal; y 3. El segmento marginal, que incluye trabajadores de bajos ingresos con poca esperanza de conseguir mejor trabajo. El trabajo concluye sugiriendo unas políticas laborales.”

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick J. McEwan, 1995. "Heterogeneidad en el sector informal urbano de Colombia," Coyuntura Social 13220, Fedesarrollo.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000486:013220
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11445/1831
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. House, William J, 1984. "Nairobi's Informal Sector: Dynamic Entrepreneurs or Surplus Labor?," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 32(2), pages 277-302, January.
    2. Hugo López, 1990. "Inestabilidad laboral y ciclo de vida en Colombia," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, vol. 20(1), pages 173-191, March.
    3. Bulow, Jeremy I & Summers, Lawrence H, 1986. "A Theory of Dual Labor Markets with Application to Industrial Policy,Discrimination, and Keynesian Unemployment," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 4(3), pages 376-414, July.
    4. Mazumdar, Dipak, 1983. "Segmented Labor Markets in LDCs," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 73(2), pages 254-259, May.
    5. Mazumdar, Dipak, 1976. "The urban informal sector," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 4(8), pages 655-679, August.
    6. Stiglitz, Joseph E, 1976. "The Efficiency Wage Hypothesis, Surplus Labour, and the Distribution of Income in L.D.C.s," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 28(2), pages 185-207, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lacey Ann Wrubel, 2010. "Earnings determinants for own-account workers in the urban informal economy: The case of Bogotá, Colombia," Serie de Documentos en Economía y Violencia 6842, Centro de Investigaciones en Violencia, Instituciones y Desarrollo Económico (VIDE).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Situación SocialDesarrollo SocialSector InformalEmpleo;

    JEL classification:

    • O17 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • J20 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - General
    • M51 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Personnel Economics - - - Firm Employment Decisions; Promotions

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