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La Gran Depresión en Colombia: Un estímulo a la industrialización, 1930-1953

Author

Listed:
  • Juliana Jaramillo-Echeverri
  • Adolfo Meisel-Roca
  • María Teresa Ramírez-Giraldo

Abstract

Este trabajo analiza el papel de los factores que determinaron la rápida industrialización del período 1934-1953. Se concluye que después de 1934 el mercado impulsó la industrialización a través de la reducción de costos, la generación de economías de escala, el desarrollo del aprendizaje por medio de la práctica, las economías de aglomeración y la transformación tecnológica. Se examina la estructura de la industria manufacturera colombiana en 1945, que fue el resultado de la profunda transformación económica que tuvo lugar en la década anterior. Las estimaciones de una función de producción para la industria en 1945 evidencian diferencias importantes en las elasticidades factoriales y la productividad entre sectores y regiones. Los resultados indican que la productividad de la mano de obra está positivamente relacionada con el nivel de capital humano y físico, mientras la antiguedad de las firmas se asocia con bajos niveles de la misma. ******ABSTRACT: This paper analyzes the role of the factors that determined the rapid industrialization of the period 1934-1953 .We conclude that the market pushed industrialization by reducing costs, generating economies of scale, learning by doing, giving place to agglomeration economies, and rapid technological change. This paper also examines the structure of the Colombian manufacturing sector in 1945, which was the result of the deep economic transformations that took place in the previous decade. Estimations of a production function for industry in 1945 show that there were important differences in factor elasticities and productivities among sectors and regions, which led to different regional patterns of industrialization. In addition, the results indicate that labor productivity in 1945 was positively and significantly related to education and capital, whereas it was negatively related to the unskilled workers and the age of the firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Juliana Jaramillo-Echeverri & Adolfo Meisel-Roca & María Teresa Ramírez-Giraldo, 2016. "La Gran Depresión en Colombia: Un estímulo a la industrialización, 1930-1953," Cuadernos de Historia Económica 14187, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000101:014187
    DOI: 10.32468/chee.39
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ana María Iregui B. & Luis Fernando Melo V. & María Teresa Ramírez G., 2007. "Productividad regional y sectorial en Colombia: un análisis utilizando datos de panel," Revista ESPE - Ensayos sobre Política Económica, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, vol. 25(53), pages 18-65, January.
    2. Eslava, Marcela & Haltiwanger, John & Kugler, Adriana & Kugler, Maurice, 2004. "The effects of structural reforms on productivity and profitability enhancing reallocation: evidence from Colombia," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(2), pages 333-371, December.
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    4. Eslava, Marcela & Haltiwanger, John & Kugler, Adriana & Kugler, Maurice, 2004. "The effects of structural reforms on productivity and profitabality enhancing reallocation: evidence from Colombia," Discussion Paper Series In Economics And Econometrics 0408, Economics Division, School of Social Sciences, University of Southampton.
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    7. Leonardo Villar & Pilar Esguerra, 2005. "Comercio Exterior Colombiano En El Siglo Xx," Borradores de Economia 358, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    8. Juan José Echavarría & Mauricio Villamizar & colaboración Juanita González, 2006. "El Proceso Colombiano de Desindustrialización," Borradores de Economia 361, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Industrialización; Gran Depresión; industria impulsada por el mercado; Colombia.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N1 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations
    • N66 - Economic History - - Manufacturing and Construction - - - Latin America; Caribbean
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology

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