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The RQE-CAPM : New insights about the pricing of idiosyncratic risk

Author

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  • Benoît Carmichael
  • Gilles Boevi Koumou
  • Kevin Moran

Abstract

We use an equivalent form of Markowitz's mean-variance utility function, based on Rao's Quadratic Entropy (RQE), to enrich the standard capital asset pricing model (CAPM), both in the presence and in the absence of a risk-free asset. The resulting equilibrium, which we denote RQE-CAPM, offers important new insights about the pricing of risk. Notably, it reveals that the reason for which the standard CAPM does not price idiosyncratic risk is not only because the market portfolio is law of large numbers diversifed but also because the model implicitly assumes agents' total risk aversion and their correlation diversifcation risk preference balance each other exactly. We then demonstrate that idiosyncratic risk is priced in a general RQE-CAPM where agents' total risk aversion and their correlation diversifcation risk preference coeffcients are not necessary equal. Our general RQE-CAPM therefore offers a unifying way of thinking about the pricing of idiosyncratic risk, including cases where such risk is negatively priced, and is relevant for the literature assessing the idiosyncratic risk puzzle. It also provides a natural theoretical underpinning for the empirical tests of the CAPM or the pricing of idiosyncratic risk performed in some existence studies. Nous utilisons une forme équivalente de la fonction d'utilité moyenne-variance de Markowitz, basée sur l'entropie quadratique de Rao (RQE), pour enrichir le modèle standard d'évaluation des actifs financiers (CAPM), à la fois en présence et en l'absence d'un actif sans risque. L'équilibre qui en résulte, que nous désignons par RQE-CAPM, offre de nouvelles perspectives importantes sur l'évaluation du risque. Il révèle notamment que la raison pour laquelle le CAPM standard n'évalue pas le risque idiosyncratique n'est pas seulement due au fait que le portefeuille du marché est diversifié par la loi des grands nombres, mais aussi au fait que le modèle suppose implicitement que l'aversion totale au risque des agents et leur préférence pour le risque de diversification de la corrélation s'équilibrent exactement. Nous démontrons ensuite que le risque idiosyncratique est évalué dans un RQE-CAPM général où l'aversion totale au risque des agents et leurs coefficients de préférence pour le risque de diversification de la corrélation ne sont pas nécessairement égaux. Notre modèle RQE-CAPM général offre donc une façon unifiée de penser à la tarification du risque idiosyncratique, y compris les cas où ce risque est évalué négativement, et est pertinent pour la littérature évaluant l'énigme du risque idiosyncratique. Il fournit également une base théorique naturelle pour les tests empiriques du MEDAF ou de la tarification du risque idiosyncratique effectués dans certaines études d'existence.

Suggested Citation

  • Benoît Carmichael & Gilles Boevi Koumou & Kevin Moran, 2021. "The RQE-CAPM : New insights about the pricing of idiosyncratic risk," CIRANO Working Papers 2021s-28, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:2021s-28
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Rao's Quadratic Entropy; Mean-Variance Model; Capital Asset Pricing Model; Idiosyncratic Risk; Correlation Diversiffcation; Entropie quadratique de Rao; modèle moyenne-variance; modèle d'évaluation des actifs financiers; risque idiosyncratique; corrélation et diversification;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates

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