Efficiency evaluation of multistage supply chain with data envelopment analysis models

In order to evaluate the multistage supply chain efficiency, an appropriate performance evaluation system is importantly required. In practice, a representative multistage supply chain has three members composing a supplier-manufacturer-retailer structure, and has intermediate measures connecting these three supply chain members. Existing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models have difficulties in measuring these kinds of supply chain efficiencies directly. In this paper, we develop several DEA based models for characterizing and measuring these multistage supply chain efficiencies with the consideration of the intermediate measures. We illustrate the models in a three-stage supply chain context which can represent different relationships between the supplier, manufacturer and retailer when they are treated as in different supply chain structures: i) the non-cooperative, ii) the partial-cooperative, and iii) the cooperative supply chain structure. Moreover, the general DEA frameworks for multistage supply chain models are proposed and these models are demonstrated with an illustrative example.