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Intensidad energética de la economía española: una perspectiva integrada

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  • Jesús Ramos Martín

    (Departament d'Economia i d'Història Econòmica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)

Abstract

Entender la relación entre el PIB y el transflujo de material y energía a lo largo del tiempo en las sociedades modernas es crucial para entender la relación entre la sustentabilidad y el crecimiento económico. En este artículo se usa información disponible sobre los cambios en el uso de la energía y el comportamiento de la economía española (en el período 1960-2001) para comprobar la validez de la “hipótesis de la intensidad de uso o de la curva en forma de U invertida”. Esta es una hipótesis optimista que pretende que el crecimiento económico es benigno para el medio ambiente dado que conduce hacia la “desmaterialización” del proceso económico. La evidencia muestra que, por el contrario, España ha ido aumentando su intensidad energética en el período de tiempo analizado. ¿Vendrá este aumento seguido de una posterior caída de la variable (como sugiere la hipótesis e la U invertida)? O por el contrario debemos buscar unas hipótesis alternativas y estudiar los cambios en el consumo de energía como movimientos entre “puntos atractores”? Si este es el caso, ¿Qué sectores de la economía son los responsables de este comportamiento y cuáles son los mecanismos que lo provocan? Para poder responder a estas preguntas utilizo en este artículo tres métodos de análisis no equivalentes que se complementan el uno al otro. (1) Un análisis convencional de la intensidad energética basado en una interpretación económica; (2) Un análisis evolucionario basado en los diagramas de fases; y finalmente (3) Un análisis integrado del metabolismo de los diferentes sectores económicos.

Suggested Citation

  • Jesús Ramos Martín, 2003. "Intensidad energética de la economía española: una perspectiva integrada," UHE Working papers 2003_08, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Departament d'Economia i Història Econòmica, Unitat d'Història Econòmica.
    • Handle: RePEc:aub:uhewps:2003_08
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    References listed on IDEAS

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