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Women's Labor Force Participation During and After Communism: A Study of the Czech Republic and Slovakia

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  • Chase, Robert S.

Abstract

This research uses four micro-data sets to examine differences in married women's labor force participation between Communist and post- Communist Czech Republic and Slovakia. Descriptive statistics show that participation has dropped in both regions following the regime change, particularly for young women. To explain this phenomenon, one hypothesis is that own and spouse wage elasticities of participation are the same during and after Communism and the behavior change results from different offered wages. An alternative hypothesis is that wage elasticities changed. We expect higher elasticities in the regime which offers a broader set of options to families making time allocation decisions. Rejecting the hypothesis that elasticities are unchanged, the analysis uses probits stratified by age to examine own and spouse earnings effects on participation. While own earnings effects rose after Communism in Slovakia, they dropped in the Czech Republic, suggesting that constraints on married women's participation decisions have increased there. Although earnings affect participation less after Communism, children have an increased effect, particularly for young women in the Czech Republic.

Suggested Citation

  • Chase, Robert S., 1995. "Women's Labor Force Participation During and After Communism: A Study of the Czech Republic and Slovakia," Center Discussion Papers 28405, Yale University, Economic Growth Center.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:yaleeg:28405
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.28405
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    Cited by:

    1. Zuzana Siebertova & Matus Senaj & Norbert Svarda & Jana Valachyova, 2013. "To Work or Not to Work? Estimates of Labour Supply Elasticities," Working and Discussion Papers WP 5/2013, Research Department, National Bank of Slovakia.
    2. Reimao, Maira Emy, 2014. "Daycare, Durables, and Credit Constraints: Evidence from Rio de Janeiro," 2014 Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2014, Minneapolis, Minnesota 170577, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    3. World Bank, 2013. "EU11 Regular Economic Report, Issue #26, January 2013," World Bank Publications - Reports 16489, The World Bank Group.
    4. Rivo Noorkôiv & Peter F. Orazem & Allan Puur & Milan Vodopivec, 1998. "Employment and wage dynamics in Estonia, 1989‐951," The Economics of Transition, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vol. 6(2), pages 481-503, November.
    5. Elena Bardasi & Chiara Monfardini, 2004. "Women's Employment, Children and Transition: An Empirical Analysis on Poland," Eastward Enlargement of the Euro-zone Working Papers wp25, Free University Berlin, Jean Monnet Centre of Excellence, revised 15 Oct 2004.
    6. Alena Bièáková & Jiøí Slaèálek & Michal Slavík, 2011. "Labor Supply after Transition: Evidence from the Czech Republic," Czech Journal of Economics and Finance (Finance a uver), Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, vol. 61(4), pages 327-347, August.
    7. Bonin, Holger & Euwals, Rob, 2001. "Participation Behavior of East German Women after German Unification," IZA Discussion Papers 413, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    8. Crespo Cuaresma, Jesus & Loichinger, Elke & Vincelette, Gallina A., 2016. "Aging and income convergence in Europe: A survey of the literature and insights from a demographic projection exercise," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 4-17.
    9. Matus Senaj & Zuzana Siebertova & Norbert Svarda & Jana Valachyova, 2016. "Labour force participation elasticities and the move away from a flat tax: the case of Slovakia," IZA Journal of European Labor Studies, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 5(1), pages 1-26, December.
    10. Grootaert, Christiaan & Braithwaite, Jeanine, 1998. "Poverty correlates and indicator-based targeting in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1942, The World Bank.
    11. Noorkoiv, Rivo & Orazem, Peter F. & Puur, Allan & Vodopivec, Milan, 1997. "How Estonia's economic transition affected employment and wages (1989-95)," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1837, The World Bank.

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