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Atividade Agrícola E Externalidade Ambiental: Uma Análise A Partir Do Uso De Agrotóxicos No Cerrado Brasileiro

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  • Soares, Wagner Lopes
  • Porto, Marcelo Firpo

Abstract

Esse artigo tem como objetivo discutir as externalidades negativas associadas à contaminação do solo e da água devido ao uso de agrotóxicos nos municípios do cerrado brasileiro, área em franca expansão da atividade agrícola, cujo modelo produtor baseia-se no uso intensivo de agroquímicos (agrotóxicos e fertilizantes). Embora, no presente trabalho, não se valore as externalidades provenientes do uso dos agrotóxicos, aponta alguns fatores preditores da contaminação na água e no solo por esses produtos nos municípios do cerrado brasileiro. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da Pesquisa de Informações Básicas Municipais (MUNIC/IBGE), cujo ano de 2003 veio a campo com um questionário suplementar com questões atinentes ao meio ambiente dos municípios brasileiros. Adicionalmente, procurou-se associar, por meio de mapas, áreas contaminadas e o grau de atividade agrícola dos municípios, captado pela Pesquisa Agrícola Municipal (PAM/IBGE 2003). Por meio de uma regressão logistica, foi possível encontrar alguns fatores de risco da contaminação no solo e na água por agrotóxicos e fertilizantes. Caraterísticas como aumento da área de lavoura temporária, poluição no ar por queimadas e por atividade agropecuária, proliferação de pragas e municípios situados nas Regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro Oeste aumentam as chances de contaminação, ao passo que municípios que promovem a educação ambiental reduzem as chances de ocorrência desse problema. Conclui-se que o presente trabalho serve como referência para os formuladores de políticas no sentido de auxiliar o desenho dos instrumentos de regulação e o diagnóstico das áreas em que essas ações devem ser tomadas como prioritárias.

Suggested Citation

  • Soares, Wagner Lopes & Porto, Marcelo Firpo, 2006. "Atividade Agrícola E Externalidade Ambiental: Uma Análise A Partir Do Uso De Agrotóxicos No Cerrado Brasileiro," 44th Congress, July 23-27, 2006, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil 147144, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:sobr06:147144
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.147144
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    References listed on IDEAS

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