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Low-cost options for reducing consumer health risks from farm to fork where crops are irrigated with polluted water in West Africa

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  • Amoah, Philip
  • Keraita, Bernard
  • Akple, Maxwell
  • Drechsel, Pay
  • Abaidoo, Robert Clement
  • Konradsen, Flemming

Abstract

To identify interventions which reduce health risks of consumers where highly polluted irrigation water is used to irrigate vegetables in West Africa, scientists worked over 5 years with farmers, market traders and street food vendors in Ghana. The most promising low-cost interventions with high adoption potential were analyzed for their ability to reduce common levels of pathogens (counts of fecal coliforms and helminth eggs). The analysis showed the combination potential of various interventions, especially on-farm and during vegetable washing in line with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The tested market-based interventions were important to prevent new or additional contamination.

Suggested Citation

  • Amoah, Philip & Keraita, Bernard & Akple, Maxwell & Drechsel, Pay & Abaidoo, Robert Clement & Konradsen, Flemming, 2011. "Low-cost options for reducing consumer health risks from farm to fork where crops are irrigated with polluted water in West Africa," IWMI Research Reports 108673, International Water Management Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:iwmirr:108673
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.108673
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Obuobie, Emmanuel & Keraita, Bernard & Danso, George & Amoah, Philip & Cofie, Olufunke O. & Raschid-Sally, Liqa & Drechsel, Pay, 2006. "Irrigated urban vegetable production in Ghana: characteristics, benefits and risks," IWMI Books, International Water Management Institute, number 137958.
    2. Drechsel, Pay & Scott, C. A. & Raschid-Sally, Liqa & Redwood, M. & Bahri, Akissa, 2010. "Wastewater irrigation and health: assessing and mitigating risk in low-income countries," IWMI Books, Reports H042600, International Water Management Institute.
    3. Drechsel, Pay & Graefe, S. & Sonou, M. & Cofie, Olufunke, 2006. "Informal irrigation in urban West Africa: An overview," IWMI Research Reports H039249, International Water Management Institute.
    4. Scheierling, S. M., 2010. "Improving wastewater use in agriculture: an emerging priority," IWMI Working Papers H043153, International Water Management Institute.
    5. Drechsel, Pay & Scott, C. A. & Raschid-Sally, Liqa & Redwood, M. & Bahri, Akissa, 2010. "Wastewater irrigation and health: assessing and mitigating risk in low-income countries," IWMI Books, Reports H042759, International Water Management Institute.
    6. Drechsel, Pay & Graefe, Sophie & Sonou, Moise & Cofie, Olufunke O., 2006. "Informal irrigation in urban West Africa: An overview," IWMI Research Reports 44572, International Water Management Institute.
    7. Keraita, Bernard & Konradsen, F. & Drechsel, Pay, 2010. "Farm-based measures for reducing microbiological health risks for consumers from informal wastewater-irrigated agriculture," IWMI Books, Reports H042610, International Water Management Institute.
    8. Seidu, Razak & Drechsel, Pay, 2010. "Cost-effectiveness analysis of interventions for diarrhoeal disease reduction among consumers of wastewater-irrigated lettuce in Ghana," Book Chapters,, International Water Management Institute.
    9. Raschid-Sally, Liqa & Jayakody, Priyantha, 2008. "Drivers and characteristics of wastewater agriculture in developing countries: results from a global assessment," IWMI Research Reports H041686, International Water Management Institute.
    10. Seidu, R. & Drechsel, Pay, 2010. "Cost-effectiveness analysis of interventions for diarrhoeal disease reduction among consumers of wastewater-irrigated lettuce in Ghana," IWMI Books, Reports H042613, International Water Management Institute.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Perez-Mercado, Luis Fernando & Lalander, Cecilia & Joel, Abraham & Ottoson, Jakob & Iriarte, Mercedes & Vinnerås, Björn, 2022. "Managing microbial risks in informal wastewater-irrigated agriculture through irrigation water substitution," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    2. Drechsel, Pay & Keraita, Bernard & Cofie, Olufunke O. & Nikiema, Josiane, 2015. "Productive and safe use of urban organic wastes and wastewater in urban food production systems in low-income counties," Book Chapters,, International Water Management Institute.
    3. Desta Woldetsadik & Pay Drechsel & Bernard Keraita & Fisseha Itanna & Heluf Gebrekidan, 2018. "Farmers’ perceptions on irrigation water contamination, health risks and risk management measures in prominent wastewater-irrigated vegetable farming sites of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 38(1), pages 52-64, March.
    4. Amponsah, Owusu & Vigre, Håkan & Schou, Torben Wilde & Boateng, Ethel Seiwaa & Braimah, Imoro & Abaidoo, Robert Clement, 2015. "Assessing low quality water use policy framework: Case study from Ghana," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 1-15.
    5. Alison Blay-Palmer & Guido Santini & Jess Halliday & Roman Malec & Joy Carey & Léo Keller & Jia Ni & Makiko Taguchi & René van Veenhuizen, 2021. "City Region Food Systems: Building Resilience to COVID-19 and Other Shocks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-19, January.
    6. Drechsel, Pay & Qadir, M. & Galibourg, D., 2022. "The WHO guidelines for safe wastewater use in agriculture: a review of implementation challenges and possible solutions in the global south," Papers published in Journals (Open Access), International Water Management Institute, pages 1-14(6):864.
    7. Felix Grau & Nikita Drechsel & Volker Haering & Dieter Trautz & Weerakkodige Jayantha Sisira Kumara Weerakkody & Pay Drechsel & Bernd Marschner & Dissanayake Mudiyanselage Priyanga Sashikanjali Dissan, 2017. "Impact of Fecal Sludge and Municipal Solid Waste Co-Compost on Crop Growth of Raphanus Sativus L. and Capsicum Anuum L. under Stress Conditions," Resources, MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-12, July.
    8. Hoffmann, Vivian & Moser, Christine & Saak, Alexander, 2019. "Food safety in low and middle-income countries: The evidence through an economic lens," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 1-1.

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