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Perfiles de empleabilidad: de las competencias a las identidades

In: Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación 11

Author

Listed:
  • Carlos Pais Montes

    (Universidade da Coruña)

  • Maria Jesús Freire Seoane

    (Universidade da Coruña)

  • Beatriz López Bermúdez

    (Universidade da Coruña - Observatorio Ocupacional)

Abstract

En el mercado laboral contemporáneo, los empresarios no sólo consideran para sus procesos de contratación las señalizaciones oficiales en términos de la certificación de estudios cursados, sino también intentan determinar los perfiles competenciales y de personalidad (identidades) asociados a cada candidato. La determinación de las competencias profesionales adquiridas a lo largo de los estudios superiores, en el marco del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, ya está dotada actualmente de un marco teórico y empírico bien establecido: se pueden señalar como puntos de partida el proyecto CHEERS (Schomburg and Teichler, 2007), y el informe Tuning Educational Structures in Europe (Gonzalez y Wagenaar, 2008). Siguiendo estas dos líneas metodológicas, el siguiente paper propone explorar la posibilidad de determinar, partiendo de los 19 ítems de competencias genéricas definidos en el proyecto Tuning, unos pocos perfiles de identidad que permitan determinar con claridad y de modo sencillo las necesidades de los empresarios en términos de capital humano. Para ello, partiendo de una muestra de encuestas sobre competencias profesionales dirigida a empresarios, una se aplica un análisis factorial seguido de un modelo de elección binaria sobre la probabilidad o no de ser contratado. Se extraen seis perfiles de empleabilidad, con diferentes incidencias en los procesos de contratación, en función del tamaño de la empresa: “proactivo”, “innovador”, “interactivo”, “experimentado”, “independiente”, y “técnico”. A nivel teórico subyace la posibilidad de que el marco definido por el informe Tuning y sus proyectos derivados, donde se definen una gran cantidad de ítems (en ocasiones de difícil determinación empírica), no resulte lo suficientemente útil para los empleadores, que suelen decidir sus estrategias de reclutamiento más en términos de perfiles de identidad, tal y como se sugiere en algunas propuestas críticas como las de Holmes (2013), Tomlinson (2007) o Hinchliffe y Jolly (2011).

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Pais Montes & Maria Jesús Freire Seoane & Beatriz López Bermúdez, 2016. "Perfiles de empleabilidad: de las competencias a las identidades," Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación volume 11, in: José Manuel Cordero Ferrera & Rosa Simancas Rodríguez (ed.), Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación 11, edition 1, volume 11, chapter 43, pages 771-794, Asociación de Economía de la Educación.
    • Handle: RePEc:aec:ieed11:11-43
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    competencias; identidades; empleabilidad; análisis factorial; modelo logit; economía de la educación;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C25 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions; Probabilities
    • I23 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Higher Education; Research Institutions
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

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