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Trends und Ursachen der Höherqualifizierung in Deutschland

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  • Seyda, Susanne

Abstract

In den vergangenen zwei Dekaden war in Westdeutschland ein deutlicher Trend zur Höherqualifizierung der Beschäftigten zu erkennen. Eine Ursache dafür liegt im technischen Fortschritt begründet, der unabhängig vom jeweiligen Beruf immer höhere Anforderungen an die Arbeitskräfte stellt. Damit ergeben sich für Akademiker die besten Beschäftigungschancen. Sie werden im Gegensatz zu den anderen Qualifikationsgruppen auch stärker vom Strukturwandel begünstigt. Arbeitskräfte mit mittlerer Qualifikation profitieren zum einen von den gestiegenen Anforderungen in den Fertigungsberufen und zum anderen von ihrer komplementären Funktion zu den Hochqualifizierten im Dienstleistungsbereich. Geringqualifizierte werden dadurch teilweise verdrängt und finden immer weniger Beschäftigungsmöglichkeiten. In Ostdeutschland war im Zeitraum 1994 bis 2002 kein Trend zur Höherqualifizierung festzustellen, da hier bereits zu DDR-Zeiten das formale Qualifikationsniveau höher war als im Westen. Aber auch wegen der unterschiedlichen Berufsstruktur ergeben sich in Ost und West unterschiedliche Beschäftigungschancen für die einzelnen Qualifikationsgruppen.

Suggested Citation

  • Seyda, Susanne, 2004. "Trends und Ursachen der Höherqualifizierung in Deutschland," IW-Trends – Vierteljahresschrift zur empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung, Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft (IW) / German Economic Institute, vol. 31(2), pages 38-48.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:iwktre:156871
    DOI: 10.2373/1864-810X.04-02-04
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    2. Lorenz Lassnigg & Edith Skriner & Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Thomas Horvath, 2013. "Analyse der Datengrundlage zum künftigen Qualifikationsangebot und Qualifikationsbedarf in Österreich," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 58453, April.
    3. Julia Bock-Schappelwein & Jürgen Janger & Andreas Reinstaller, 2012. "Bildung 2025 – Die Rolle von Bildung in der österreichischen Wirtschaft," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 45200, April.

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