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Commons and commoners: re-examining community in common pool resources

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  • Zakir Husain

    (Institute of Development Studies Kolkata, Kolkata, India)

Abstract

Traditional literature on common pool resources has shown that community management can produce sustainable outcomes, while simultaneously distributing benefits equitably within the resource community. However, its idealization of the resource community as a homogeneous and harmonious community has resulted in a failure to consider issues relating to the formation of resource communities, identity of the excluded sections and distribution of benefits within the geographical community. The paper argues that a study of individuals as members of coalitions will help to overcome this limitation. While there are a large number of possible coalitions that can be formed on the basis of alternative socio-economic and cultural criteria, the resource community will ultimately be formed through the formation of a coalition that is stable against defection by any member. This coalition (corresponding to the core) maximizes net per capita benefits to its members. The arguments are supported by a field study of a water body in Bankura, India. Survey results show how the formation of caste-based coalitions within a pluralistic community had led to the exclusion of some villagers from resource benefits. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Zakir Husain, 2009. "Commons and commoners: re-examining community in common pool resources," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(3), pages 142-154.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:sustdv:v:17:y:2009:i:3:p:142-154
    DOI: 10.1002/sd.371
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Agrawal, Arun & Gibson, Clark C., 1999. "Enchantment and Disenchantment: The Role of Community in Natural Resource Conservation," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 27(4), pages 629-649, April.
    2. Arild Angelsen, 2001. "Playing Games in the Forest: State-Local Conflicts of Land Appropriation," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 77(2), pages 285-299.
    3. Sethi, Rajiv & Somanathan, E, 1996. "The Evolution of Social Norms in Common Property Resource Use," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 86(4), pages 766-788, September.
    4. Pekka Virtanen, 2005. "Community-based natural resource management in Mozambique: a critical review of the concept's applicability at local level," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 13(1), pages 1-12.
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    1. Cristini, Hélène & Kauppinen-Räisänen, Hannele, 2020. "Managing the transformation of the global commons into luxuries for all," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 467-473.
    2. Ansink, Erik & Bouma, Jetske, 2013. "Effective support for community resource management," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 94-103.

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