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Import competition and firm refocusing

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  • Runjuan Liu

Abstract

Recent theoretical work predicts a new margin of firm adjustment to trade liberalization; that is, multi‐product firms alter their product mix to focus on their core competencies in response to trade liberalization. Using detailed product data from U.S. public firms, I find strong empirical support for this prediction. Specifically, import competition leads multi‐product firms to drop peripheral products to refocus on core production. The weaker the linkages that a peripheral product shares with the core (as measured by the extent of joint sales, joint procurement, joint production, and joint sectorship), the more likely the peripheral product is to be divested in response to import competition. Certains travaux théoriques récents prédisent une nouvelle marge d’ajustement de la firme à la libéralisation du commerce : les firmes multi‐produits changent leur mix de produits pour se concentrer sur leurs compétences de base en réponse à la libéralisation du commerce. A partir de données détaillées sur les produits de firmes américaines, on découvre que cette prédiction a un fort support empirique. Spécifiquement, la concurrence de l’importation amène la firme multi‐produits à laisser tomber des produits périphériques pour recentrer sa production sur son noyau dur de compétences. Plus faibles sont les liens que partage un produit périphérique avec le noyau dur (mesuré par l’étendue des ventes communes, des approvisionnements conjoints, de la production liée, de la participation au même secteur) plus est grande la probabilité qu’on va désinvestir dans ce produit en réponse à la concurrence de l’importation.

Suggested Citation

  • Runjuan Liu, 2010. "Import competition and firm refocusing," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 43(2), pages 440-466, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:43:y:2010:i:2:p:440-466
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5982.2010.01579.x
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