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An explicit finite difference approach to the pricing of barrier options

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  • Phelim Boyle
  • Yisong Tian

Abstract

A modified explicit finite difference approach to the pricing of barrier options is developed. To obtain accurate prices, the grid is constructed such that the barrier is located in a suitable position relative to horizontal layers of nodes on the grid. This means that the barrier passes through a horizontal layer of nodes for continuous-time barrier options and is located halfway between two horizontal layers of nodes for discrete-time barrier options. Both single and double barrier cases can be accommodated. The option price at each node on the grid may be obtained by implementing a standard trinomial tree procedure. As the initial asset price will generally not lie exactly on the grid, the current value of the option is obtained using a quadratic interpolation of the option prices at the three adjacent nodes. The approach is shown to be robust and to provide accurate option prices and hedge ratios (such as delta, gamma, and theta) regardless of whether or not the barrier is close to the initial asset price, and it works effectively for both continuous-time and discrete-time barrier options. This device of adjusting the grid so that the barrier and the asset price lie on the grid is well known in the numerical analysis area.

Suggested Citation

  • Phelim Boyle & Yisong Tian, 1998. "An explicit finite difference approach to the pricing of barrier options," Applied Mathematical Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 5(1), pages 17-43.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apmtfi:v:5:y:1998:i:1:p:17-43
    DOI: 10.1080/135048698334718
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    Cited by:

    1. Vidal Nunes, João Pedro & Ruas, João Pedro & Dias, José Carlos, 2015. "Pricing and static hedging of American-style knock-in options on defaultable stocks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 343-360.
    2. A. Golbabai & L. Ballestra & D. Ahmadian, 2014. "A Highly Accurate Finite Element Method to Price Discrete Double Barrier Options," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 44(2), pages 153-173, August.
    3. Keegan Mendonca & Vasileios E. Kontosakos & Athanasios A. Pantelous & Konstantin M. Zuev, 2018. "Efficient Pricing of Barrier Options on High Volatility Assets using Subset Simulation," Papers 1803.03364, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2018.
    4. Zvan, R. & Vetzal, K. R. & Forsyth, P. A., 2000. "PDE methods for pricing barrier options," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 24(11-12), pages 1563-1590, October.
    5. Igor V. Kravchenko & Vladislav V. Kravchenko & Sergii M. Torba & José Carlos Dias, 2019. "Pricing Double Barrier Options On Homogeneous Diffusions: A Neumann Series Of Bessel Functions Representation," International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance (IJTAF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 22(06), pages 1-24, September.
    6. Wai Man Tse & Leong Kwan Li & Kai Wang Ng, 2001. "Pricing Discrete Barrier and Hindsight Options with the Tridiagonal Probability Algorithm," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 47(3), pages 383-393, March.
    7. Simona Sanfelici, 2004. "Galerkin infinite element approximation for pricing barrier options and options with discontinuous payoff," Decisions in Economics and Finance, Springer;Associazione per la Matematica, vol. 27(2), pages 125-151, December.
    8. Emmanuel Gobet, 2009. "Advanced Monte Carlo methods for barrier and related exotic options," Post-Print hal-00319947, HAL.
    9. Carole Bernard & Phelim Boyle, 2011. "Monte Carlo methods for pricing discrete Parisian options," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(3), pages 169-196.
    10. Vidal Nunes, João Pedro & Ruas, João Pedro & Dias, José Carlos, 2020. "Early exercise boundaries for American-style knock-out options," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 285(2), pages 753-766.
    11. Rahman Farnoosh & Hamidreza Rezazadeh & Amirhossein Sobhani & M. Hossein Beheshti, 2016. "A Numerical Method for Discrete Single Barrier Option Pricing with Time-Dependent Parameters," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 48(1), pages 131-145, June.
    12. Marianito R. Rodrigo, 2020. "Pricing of Barrier Options on Underlying Assets with Jump-Diffusion Dynamics: A Mellin Transform Approach," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-20, August.
    13. Shiyu Song & Yongjin Wang, 2017. "Pricing double barrier options under a volatility regime-switching model with psychological barriers," Review of Derivatives Research, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 255-280, October.
    14. Andrew Ming-Long Wang & Yu-Hong Liu & Yi-Long Hsiao, 2009. "Barrier option pricing: a hybrid method approach," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(3), pages 341-352.
    15. Traykov Metodi & Trencheva Miglena & Mavrevski Radoslav & Stoilov Anton & Trenchev Ivan, 2016. "Using Partial Differential Equations for Pricing of Goods and Services," Scientific Annals of Economics and Business, Sciendo, vol. 63(2), pages 291-298, June.
    16. Jérôme Detemple, 2014. "Optimal Exercise for Derivative Securities," Annual Review of Financial Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 6(1), pages 459-487, December.
    17. Kontosakos, Vasileios E. & Mendonca, Keegan & Pantelous, Athanasios A. & Zuev, Konstantin M., 2021. "Pricing discretely-monitored double barrier options with small probabilities of execution," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 290(1), pages 313-330.
    18. Fusai, Gianluca & Recchioni, Maria Cristina, 2007. "Analysis of quadrature methods for pricing discrete barrier options," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 826-860, March.
    19. Andricopoulos, Ari D. & Widdicks, Martin & Duck, Peter W. & Newton, David P., 2003. "Universal option valuation using quadrature methods," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(3), pages 447-471, March.
    20. Hideharu Funahashi & Masaaki Kijima, 2016. "Analytical pricing of single barrier options under local volatility models," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(6), pages 867-886, June.
    21. Lian, Guanghua & Zhu, Song-Ping & Elliott, Robert J. & Cui, Zhenyu, 2017. "Semi-analytical valuation for discrete barrier options under time-dependent Lévy processes," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 167-183.
    22. Chaeyoung Lee & Jisang Lyu & Eunchae Park & Wonjin Lee & Sangkwon Kim & Darae Jeong & Junseok Kim, 2020. "Super-Fast Computation for the Three-Asset Equity-Linked Securities Using the Finite Difference Method," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-13, February.
    23. M. Broadie & Y. Yamamoto, 2005. "A Double-Exponential Fast Gauss Transform Algorithm for Pricing Discrete Path-Dependent Options," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 53(5), pages 764-779, October.

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