IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/lsprsc/v12y2019i1d10.1007_s12076-018-00221-x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Examining urban functions along a metropolitan gradient: a geographically weighted regression tells you more

Author

Listed:
  • Luca Salvati

    (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA)
    Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences)

Abstract

Urban expansion in advanced countries is the result of inherent transformations in settlement forms and socioeconomic functions leading to new metropolitan configurations. Assessing latent shifts from mono-centric structures to more fragmented, low-density and spatially-decentralized models was complicated by emerging processes of urban sprawl. In these regards, the present study proposes an original approach to the analysis of metropolitan configurations using a Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) to investigate changes in the spatial distribution of specific urban functions over time. This framework was applied to long-term (1920–2010) evolution of three functions (population density, building density and per cent share of built-up area in total municipal area) in a Mediterranean city (Athens, Greece) moving from a mono-centric configuration to a more dispersed settlement model. Local GWR parameters (adjusted R2, intercept, slope, standard residuals) estimated at 4 time points (1920, 1950, 1980 and 2010) constituted the input of a Multiway Factor Analysis reconstructing the intimate dynamics of urban growth in the study area. Local regression slopes and intercepts evidence a non-linear expansion path with the highest spatial polarization in urban and rural districts observed in the early 1980s. Model’s goodness-of-fit increased progressively over time moving from central to peripheral locations. Results of this study contribute to a comparative analysis of the relationship between urban functions and distance from inner cities.

Suggested Citation

  • Luca Salvati, 2019. "Examining urban functions along a metropolitan gradient: a geographically weighted regression tells you more," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 19-40, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:lsprsc:v:12:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1007_s12076-018-00221-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s12076-018-00221-x
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12076-018-00221-x
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s12076-018-00221-x?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Margaret Cowell, 2010. "Polycentric Regions: Comparing Complementarity and Institutional Governance in the San Francisco Bay Area, the Randstad and Emilia-Romagna," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 47(5), pages 945-965, May.
    2. Griffith, Daniel A., 1981. "Modelling urban population density in a multi-centered city," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 9(3), pages 298-310, May.
    3. Georgia Giannakourou, 2005. "Transforming spatial planning policy in Mediterranean countries: Europeanization and domestic change," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(2), pages 319-331, January.
    4. Annemarie Schneider & Curtis E. Woodcock, 2008. "Compact, Dispersed, Fragmented, Extensive? A Comparison of Urban Growth in Twenty-five Global Cities using Remotely Sensed Data, Pattern Metrics and Census Information," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 45(3), pages 659-692, March.
    5. Fatih Terzi & Fulin Bolen, 2009. "Urban Sprawl Measurement of Istanbul," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(10), pages 1559-1570, June.
    6. McMillen, Daniel P. & McDonald, John F., 1998. "Suburban Subcenters and Employment Density in Metropolitan Chicago," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 157-180, March.
    7. Thomas Maloutas, 2007. "Segregation, Social Polarization and Immigration in Athens during the 1990s: Theoretical Expectations and Contextual Difference," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(4), pages 733-758, December.
    8. Richard B. Peiser, 1989. "Density and Urban Sprawl," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 65(3), pages 193-204.
    9. Wenseslao Plata-Rocha & Montserrat Gómez-Delgado & Joaquín Bosque-Sendra, 2011. "Simulating Urban Growth Scenarios Using GIS and Multicriteria Analysis Techniques: A Case Study of the Madrid Region, Spain," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 38(6), pages 1012-1031, December.
    10. Valeria Paul & Matthew Tonts, 2005. "Containing Urban Sprawl: Trends in Land Use and Spatial Planning in the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(1), pages 7-35.
    11. McDonald, John F., 1989. "Econometric studies of urban population density: A survey," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 361-385, November.
    12. John Craig & John Haskey, 1978. "The Relationships Between the Population, Area, and Density of Urban Areas," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 15(1), pages 101-107, February.
    13. Christian Longhi & Antonio Musolesi, 2007. "European cities in the process of economic integration: towards structural convergence," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 41(2), pages 333-351, June.
    14. Zambon, Ilaria & Benedetti, Anna & Ferrara, Carlotta & Salvati, Luca, 2018. "Soil Matters? A Multivariate Analysis of Socioeconomic Constraints to Urban Expansion in Mediterranean Europe," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 173-183.
    15. Marco Zitti & Carlotta Ferrara & Luigi Perini & Margherita Carlucci & Luca Salvati, 2015. "Long-Term Urban Growth and Land Use Efficiency in Southern Europe: Implications for Sustainable Land Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-27, March.
    16. Ivan Muniz & Anna Galindo & Miguel Angel Garcia, 2003. "Cubic Spline Population Density Functions and Satellite City Delimitation: The Case of Barcelona," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 40(7), pages 1303-1321, June.
    17. Michael Batty & Kwang Sik Kim, 1992. "Form Follows Function: Reformulating Urban Population Density Functions," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 29(7), pages 1043-1069, October.
    18. Alireza Salahi Moghadam & Ali Soltani & Bruno Parolin, 2018. "Correction to: Transforming and changing urban centres: the experience of Sydney from 1981 to 2006," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 55-55, March.
    19. Aspa Gospodini, 2009. "Post-industrial Trajectories of Mediterranean European Cities: The Case of Post-Olympics Athens," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 46(5-6), pages 1157-1186, May.
    20. Vittorio Gargiulo Morelli & Kostas Rontos & Luca Salvati, 2014. "Between suburbanisation and re-urbanisation: revisiting the urban life cycle in a Mediterranean compact city," Urban Research & Practice, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(1), pages 74-88, January.
    21. Yanguang Chen, 2009. "Urban chaos and perplexing dynamics of urbanization," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 2(2), pages 85-95, October.
    22. Alireza Salahi Moghadam & Ali Soltani & Bruno Parolin, 2018. "Transforming and changing urban centres: the experience of Sydney from 1981 to 2006," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 37-53, March.
    23. Yu-Hsin Tsai, 2005. "Quantifying Urban Form: Compactness versus 'Sprawl'," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 42(1), pages 141-161, January.
    24. Nina Schwarz & Dagmar Haase & Ralf Seppelt, 2010. "Omnipresent Sprawl? A Review of Urban Simulation Models with Respect to Urban Shrinkage," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 37(2), pages 265-283, April.
    25. Anderson, John E., 1985. "Estimating generalized urban density functions," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 1-10, July.
    26. Marianne Guérois & Denise Pumain, 2008. "Built-Up Encroachment and the Urban Field: A Comparison of Forty European Cities," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 40(9), pages 2186-2203, September.
    27. McDonald, John F. & Bowman, H. Woods, 1976. "Some tests of alternative urban population density functions," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(3), pages 242-252, July.
    28. Dani Broitman & Eric Koomen, 2015. "Regional diversity in residential development: a decade of urban and peri-urban housing dynamics in The Netherlands," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 8(3), pages 201-217, November.
    29. Peter Hall, 2009. "Looking Backward, Looking Forward: The City Region of the Mid-21st Century," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(6), pages 803-817.
    30. Luca Salvati & Adele Sateriano & Eftathios Grigoriadis, 2016. "Crisis and the city: profiling urban growth under economic expansion and stagnation," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 9(3), pages 329-342, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mariateresa Ciommi & Francesco M. Chelli & Margherita Carlucci & Luca Salvati, 2018. "Urban Growth and Demographic Dynamics in Southern Europe: Toward a New Statistical Approach to Regional Science," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-16, August.
    2. Francesca Mariani & Ilaria Zambon & Luca Salvati, 2018. "Population Matters: Identifying Metropolitan Sub-Centers from Diachronic Density-Distance Curves, 1960–2010," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-16, December.
    3. Luca Salvati & Margherita Carlucci & Efstathios Grigoriadis & Francesco Maria Chelli, 2018. "Uneven dispersion or adaptive polycentrism? Urban expansion, population dynamics and employment growth in an ‘ordinary’ city," Review of Regional Research: Jahrbuch für Regionalwissenschaft, Springer;Gesellschaft für Regionalforschung (GfR), vol. 38(1), pages 1-25, February.
    4. Salvati, Luca & Sateriano, Adele & Grigoriadis, Efstathios & Carlucci, Margherita, 2017. "New wine in old bottles: The (changing) socioeconomic attributes of sprawl during building boom and stagnation," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 361-372.
    5. Luca Salvati, 2020. "Envisaging long-term urban dynamics: a spatially explicit analysis of local-scale population growth and natural balance," Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences, Springer, vol. 13(2), pages 165-186, August.
    6. Mariateresa Ciommi & Francesco M. Chelli & Luca Salvati, 2019. "Integrating parametric and non-parametric multivariate analysis of urban growth and commuting patterns in a European metropolitan area," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 53(2), pages 957-979, March.
    7. Egidi, Gianluca & Mosconi, Enrico Maria & Turco, Rosario & Salvati, Luca, 2023. "Functions follow structures? The long-term evolution of economic dynamics, social transformations, and landscape morphology in a Mediterranean metropolis," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    8. Luca Salvati & Vittorio Gargiulo Morelli, 2014. "Unveiling Urban Sprawl in the Mediterranean Region: Towards a Latent Urban Transformation?," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(6), pages 1935-1953, November.
    9. Luca Salvati, 2014. "Towards a Polycentric Region? The Socio-economic Trajectory of Rome, an ‘Eternally Mediterranean’ City," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 105(3), pages 268-284, July.
    10. Rosanna Salvia & Rares Halbac-Cotoara-Zamfir & Sirio Cividino & Luca Salvati & Giovanni Quaranta, 2020. "From Rural Spaces to Peri-Urban Districts: Metropolitan Growth, Sparse Settlements and Demographic Dynamics in a Mediterranean Region," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-20, June.
    11. Rares Halbac-Cotoara-Zamfir & Gianluca Egidi & Enrico Maria Mosconi & Stefano Poponi & Ahmed Alhuseen & Luca Salvati, 2020. "Uncovering Demographic Trends and Recent Urban Expansion in Metropolitan Regions: A Paradigmatic Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-15, May.
    12. Kostas RONTOS & Marco ZITTI & Luca SALVATI, 2017. "Past, Present And Future: Expansion With (And Without) Growth In Urban Systems Under A Structural Crisis," Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, Research Centre in Public Administration and Public Services, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 12(3), pages 16-31, April.
    13. Joan Carles Martori & Rafa Madariaga & Ramon Oller, 2016. "Real estate bubble and urban population density: six Spanish metropolitan areas 2001–2011," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 56(2), pages 369-392, March.
    14. Jesús Rodrigo-Comino & Barbara Ermini, 2021. "Are Cities Truly Dispersed? A Long-Term Analysis of Vertical Profile of Settlements in Athens’ Metropolitan Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-14, March.
    15. Alessia D’Agata & Giovanni Quaranta & Rosanna Salvia & Margherita Carlucci & Luca Salvati, 2023. "Mixed Land Use as an Intrinsic Feature of Sprawl: A Short-Term Analysis of Settlement Growth and Population Distribution Using European Urban Atlas," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-21, April.
    16. Salvati, Luca & Ciommi, Maria Teresa & Serra, Pere & Chelli, Francesco M., 2019. "Exploring the spatial structure of housing prices under economic expansion and stagnation: The role of socio-demographic factors in metropolitan Rome, Italy," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 143-152.
    17. Gianluca Egidi & Rares Halbac-Cotoara-Zamfir & Sirio Cividino & Giovanni Quaranta & Luca Salvati & Andrea Colantoni, 2020. "Rural in Town: Traditional Agriculture, Population Trends, and Long-Term Urban Expansion in Metropolitan Rome," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-15, February.
    18. Rosanna Salvia & Gianluca Egidi & Luca Salvati & Jesús Rodrigo-Comino & Giovanni Quaranta, 2020. "In-Between ‘Smart’ Urban Growth and ‘Sluggish’ Rural Development? Reframing Population Dynamics in Greece, 1940–2019," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-18, July.
    19. D'Agata, Alessia & Alaimo, Leonardo Salvatore & Cudlín, Pavel & Salvati, Luca, 2023. "Easy come, easy go: Short-term land-use dynamics vis à vis regional economic downturns," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    20. Luca Salvati, 2018. "From Manufacturing to Advanced Services: The (Uneven) Rise and Decline of Mediterranean City-Regions," International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, vol. 8(1), pages 1360-1360.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Urban growth; Metropolitan continuum; Multiway Factor Analysis; Europe;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
    • R14 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Land Use Patterns
    • R52 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - Land Use and Other Regulations

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:lsprsc:v:12:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1007_s12076-018-00221-x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.