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Well-Being Reduces COVID-19 Anxiety: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study in China

Author

Listed:
  • Zhuojun Wang

    (Beijing Normal University)

  • Shuyi Luo

    (Beijing Normal University)

  • Jianjie Xu

    (Beijing Normal University)

  • Yanwei Wang

    (Beijing Normal University)

  • Hanqi Yun

    (Beijing Normal University)

  • Zihao Zhao

    (Beijing Normal University)

  • Haocheng Zhan

    (Beijing Normal University)

  • Yinan Wang

    (Beijing Normal University)

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic threatens human beings’ livelihoods and mental health, which lowers their well-being and gives rise to anxiety. This study examines whether there is a causal relationship (and, if so, in which direction) between people’s well-being and COVID-19 anxiety. Two hundred and twenty-two participants (54.50% female, Mage = 31.53, SD = 8.17) from 26 provinces of China completed measures of subjective well-being (SWB) and COVID-19 anxiety at three key nodes of the development of COVID-19 in China. The results showed that people’s SWB and COVID-19 anxiety fluctuated with the peak (T1), decline (T2), and trough stages (T3) of the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the cross-lagged analysis showed that the participants’ SWB at T0 (pre-pandemic stage; the base level of SWB) and T1 could significantly predict their COVID-19 anxiety at T1 and T2 respectively. However, SWB at T2 was not associated with the COVID-19 anxiety at T3. Furthermore, COVID-19 anxiety could not predict subsequent SWB from T1 to T3. The current findings contribute to clarifying the causal relationship between well-being and anxiety through the development of epidemics, as well as finding ways to alleviate people’s COVID-19 anxiety.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhuojun Wang & Shuyi Luo & Jianjie Xu & Yanwei Wang & Hanqi Yun & Zihao Zhao & Haocheng Zhan & Yinan Wang, 2021. "Well-Being Reduces COVID-19 Anxiety: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study in China," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 22(8), pages 3593-3610, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:jhappi:v:22:y:2021:i:8:d:10.1007_s10902-021-00385-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s10902-021-00385-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Naoki Nakazato & Ulrich Schimmack & Shigehiro Oishi, 2011. "Effect of Changes in Living Conditions on Well-Being: A Prospective Top–Down Bottom–Up Model," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 100(1), pages 115-135, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Felix Bittmann, 2022. "Is there a dose-response relationship? Investigating the functional form between COVID-19 incidence rates and life satisfaction in a multilevel framework," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 23(7), pages 3315-3330, October.
    2. Liying Jiao & Wen Jiang & Zhen Guo & Yue Xiao & Mengke Yu & Yan Xu, 2023. "Good Personality and Subjective Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study in Chinese Contexts," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 24(2), pages 589-606, February.
    3. Kailin Cheng & Jiangqun Liao, 2023. "Coping with Coronavirus Pandemic: Risk Perception Predicts Life Optimism," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 351-371, January.
    4. Savadori, Lucia & Lauriola, Marco, 2022. "Risk perceptions and COVID-19 protective behaviors: A two-wave longitudinal study of epidemic and post-epidemic periods," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).

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