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Source-country individualism, cultural shock, and depression among immigrants

Author

Listed:
  • Kristyn Frank

    (Statistics Canada
    University of British Columbia)

  • Feng Hou

    (Statistics Canada
    University of Toronto)

Abstract

Objectives To determine whether there is a relationship between source-country individualism and depression among different immigrant groups. Methods Pooled data from the 2009–2014 waves of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) were used. The CCHS is a cross-sectional, nationally representative household survey. A sample of 4347 immigrants in Canada were studied, representing 101 source countries. Results Multi-level logistic regression analysis showed a curvilinear relationship between source-country individualism and depression. A positive relationship was found among immigrants from countries with mid- to high levels of individualism. However, an inverse relationship was observed among immigrants from countries with low to mid-levels of individualism. Depression was significantly associated with the linear form of the source-country individualism measure [odds ratio (OR) 0.950; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.915–0.987] and its squared term (OR 1.063; 95% CI 1.026–1.102). Conclusions A high level of source-country individualism tends to increase the prevalence of depression among immigrants. There is also a cultural shock effect: the prevalence of depression was stronger in the initial years after immigration for those who migrated from countries with low levels of individualism.

Suggested Citation

  • Kristyn Frank & Feng Hou, 2019. "Source-country individualism, cultural shock, and depression among immigrants," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 64(4), pages 479-486, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ijphth:v:64:y:2019:i:4:d:10.1007_s00038-019-01218-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s00038-019-01218-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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