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Prevalence of sexual violence in Brazil: associated individual and contextual factors

Author

Listed:
  • Janmille Valdivino Silva

    (Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte)

  • Angelo Guiseppe Roncalli

    (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte)

Abstract

Objectives Assessing the prevalence of sexual violence in Brazil and its association with individual and contextual factors. Methods A multilevel analysis performed with cross-sectional data from 2010. The adjusted prevalence ratio was estimated through Poisson multilevel modelling. Cross-level interactions were evaluated by the inclusion of interaction terms between socio-economic variables from the two levels. Results Sexual violence is more prevalent in federal units that presented lower years of schooling expectancy at 18 years old (PR 1.27; CI95% 1.09–1.48), lower per capita income (PR 1.23; CI95% 1.05–1.43), lower HDI (PR 1.17; CI95% 1.01–1.37), higher proportion of poverty vulnerability (PR 1.18; CI95% 1.02–1.38), higher proportion of unemployment (PR 1.68; CI95% 1.45–1.96) and higher proportion of people who neither work nor study (PR 1.26; CI95% 1.08–1.46). Higher prevalence of sexual violence was associated with lower Gini index and greater coverage of primary health services. In analysing the tendency demonstrated a strong contextual effect between the Brazilian federative units in relation to sexual violence Conclusions The strategy to reduce sexual violence in Brazil must be integrated with other social policies, considering both individual risk factors and macro-social determinants.

Suggested Citation

  • Janmille Valdivino Silva & Angelo Guiseppe Roncalli, 2018. "Prevalence of sexual violence in Brazil: associated individual and contextual factors," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 63(8), pages 933-944, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ijphth:v:63:y:2018:i:8:d:10.1007_s00038-018-1136-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s00038-018-1136-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wilkinson, Richard G & Pickett, Kate E., 2006. "Income inequality and population health: A review and explanation of the evidence," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(7), pages 1768-1784, April.
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