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Investigating causality in international air freight and business travel: The case of Australia

Author

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  • David Tan

    (University of New South Wales, Australia)

  • Kan Tsui

    (Massey University, New Zealand; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)

Abstract

Few studies have examined the link between air cargo and business travel, despite there being a generally accepted understanding that these two variables are inextricably related to each other. This paper examines the relationship between air cargo and business travel at the international level and analyses how these two variables are causally related. Moreover, we break down the sample into three major Australian states (New South Wales, Queensland, and Victoria), as each possesses a distinct flavour in trade and commerce. Utilising Granger causality methods, we have found evidence that there is a direct causal relationship between business travel and air cargo in the short run, and a bi-directional relationship in periods of 12 months and longer. The nature of the Granger causality at the state-level substantially differs from state to state, suggesting that the economic landscape of Australia’s local economy has a significant impact on the air cargo and business travel relationship.

Suggested Citation

  • David Tan & Kan Tsui, 2017. "Investigating causality in international air freight and business travel: The case of Australia," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 54(5), pages 1178-1193, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:54:y:2017:i:5:p:1178-1193
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098015620520
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Sudeshna Ghosh, 2021. "Business Confidence and Business Tourism in Japan," Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy (JICEP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 12(01), pages 1-23, February.
    3. Paulo H A Feitosa & Amanda B A Silva, 2022. "Length of stay and satisfaction shaping the competitiveness of international business tourism in São Paulo city, Brazil," Tourism Economics, , vol. 28(3), pages 728-747, May.
    4. Uju Violet Alola & Darya Baeva & Andrew Adewale Alola, 2023. "Determining the (A)symmetric Role of Business–Consumer Confidence in Outward–Inward Tourism in Russia: A Competitiveness Perspective," International Journal of Global Business and Competitiveness, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 22-34, June.
    5. Wai Hong Kan Tsui & Faruk Balli & David Tat Wei Tan & Oscar Lau & Mudassar Hasan, 2018. "New Zealand business tourism," Tourism Economics, , vol. 24(4), pages 386-417, June.
    6. Babagolzadeh, Mahla & Zhang, Yahua & Abbasi, Babak & Shrestha, Anup & Zhang, Anming, 2022. "Promoting Australian regional airports with subsidy schemes: Optimised downstream logistics using vehicle routing problem," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 38-51.

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