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The Compact City: Just or Just Compact? A Preliminary Analysis

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  • Elizabeth Burton

    (School of Architecture, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Headington, Oxford OX3 OBP, UK, ejburton@brookes.ac.uk)

Abstract

The aim of the research described in this paper is to examine the validity of the claims that higher-density urban form promotes social equity—that is, promotes benefits for the life-chances of low-income groups. Overall, the evidence suggests that, for medium-sized English cities, higher urban densities may be positive for some aspects of social equity and negative for others. More specifically, likely benefits include improved public transport, reduced social segregation and better access to facilities, while the main problems are likely to be reduced living space and a lack of affordable housing. Investigations of different aspects of density show that the cities that most support social equity appear to be those that have a large proportion of high-density housing.

Suggested Citation

  • Elizabeth Burton, 2000. "The Compact City: Just or Just Compact? A Preliminary Analysis," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 37(11), pages 1969-2006, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:37:y:2000:i:11:p:1969-2006
    DOI: 10.1080/00420980050162184
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Joseph R. Burger & James H. Brown & John W. Day & Tatiana P. Flanagan & Eric D. Roy, 2019. "The Central Role of Energy in the Urban Transition: Global Challenges for Sustainability," Biophysical Economics and Resource Quality, Springer, vol. 4(1), pages 1-13, March.
    3. A.S. Steyn & H.S. Geyer, 2011. "Urban Form Revisited: An Account of Views on the Issues," Chapters, in: H. S. Geyer (ed.), International Handbook of Urban Policy, Volume 3, chapter 3, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    4. Ortuño-Padilla, Armando & Fernández-Aracil, Patricia, 2013. "Impact of fuel price on the development of the urban sprawl in Spain," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 180-187.
    5. Guillaume POUYANNE & Laëtitia GUILHOT & André MEUNIÉ, 2018. "L'usage de l'automobile et la structure spatiale en Chine : le modèle de ville compacte en question," Region et Developpement, Region et Developpement, LEAD, Universite du Sud - Toulon Var, vol. 48, pages 105-120.
    6. Roula Inglesi-Lotz & Luis Diez del Corral Morales, 2017. "The Effect of Education on a Country’s Energy Consumption: Evidence from Developed and Developing Countries," Working Papers 201733, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    7. Poruschi, Lavinia & Ambrey, Christopher L., 2018. "Densification, what does it mean for fuel poverty and energy justice? An empirical analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 208-217.
    8. Zhang, Chuanguo & Lin, Yan, 2012. "Panel estimation for urbanization, energy consumption and CO2 emissions: A regional analysis in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 488-498.
    9. Mike Hodson & Frank W. Geels & Andy McMeekin, 2017. "Reconfiguring Urban Sustainability Transitions, Analysing Multiplicity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-20, February.
    10. Abdallh, Atif Awad & Abugamos, Hoda, 2017. "A semi-parametric panel data analysis on the urbanisation-carbon emissions nexus for the MENA countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 1350-1356.
    11. David Gálvez Ruiz & Pilar Diaz Cuevas & Olta Braçe & Marco Garrido-Cumbrera, 2018. "Developing an Index to Measure Sub-municipal Level Urban Sprawl," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 140(3), pages 929-952, December.
    12. Travisi, Chiara M. & Camagni, Roberto & Nijkamp, Peter, 2010. "Impacts of urban sprawl and commuting: a modelling study for Italy," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 18(3), pages 382-392.
    13. Heyuan You, 2015. "Quantifying Urban Fragmentation under Economic Transition in Shanghai City, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-12, December.
    14. Bjoern Hagen & Cara Nassar & David Pijawka, 2017. "The Social Dimension of Sustainable Neighborhood Design: Comparing Two Neighborhoods in Freiburg, Germany," Urban Planning, Cogitatio Press, vol. 2(4), pages 64-80.
    15. Mörtberg, Ulla & Goldenberg, Romain & Kalantari, Zahra & Kordas, Olga & Deal, Brian & Balfors, Berit & Cvetkovic, Vladimir, 2017. "Integrating ecosystem services in the assessment of urban energy trajectories – A study of the Stockholm Region," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 338-349.
    16. Poumanyvong, Phetkeo & Kaneko, Shinji, 2010. "Does urbanization lead to less energy use and lower CO2 emissions? A cross-country analysis," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(2), pages 434-444, December.
    17. Anna D’Auria & Marco Tregua & Manuel Carlos Vallejo-Martos, 2018. "Modern Conceptions of Cities as Smart and Sustainable and Their Commonalities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-18, July.
    18. Andrea CIRILLI & Paolo VENERI, 2010. "Spatial Structure and CO2 Emissions Due to Commuting: an Analysis on Italian Urban Areas," Working Papers 353, Universita' Politecnica delle Marche (I), Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Sociali.
    19. Chao Bi & Minna Jia & Jingjing Zeng, 2019. "Nonlinear Effect of Public Infrastructure on Energy Intensity in China: A Panel Smooth Transition Regression Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-21, January.
    20. Xiaoyun Zhao & Kenneth Carling & Johan Håkansson, 2017. "Residential planning, driver mobility and CO emission: a microscopic look at Borlänge in Sweden," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(9), pages 1597-1614, September.
    21. Atif Awad & Mohammed Hersi Warsame, 2017. "Climate Changes in Africa: Does Economic Growth Matter? A Semi-parametric Approach," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 7(1), pages 1-8.
    22. Wang, Shaojian & Zeng, Jingyuan & Liu, Xiaoping, 2019. "Examining the multiple impacts of technological progress on CO2 emissions in China: A panel quantile regression approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 140-150.
    23. Chang, Yu Sang & Lee, Yong Joo & Choi, Sung Sup Brian, 2017. "Is there more traffic congestion in larger cities? -Scaling analysis of the 101 largest U.S. urban centers-," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 54-63.

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