IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/urbstu/v30y1993i2p325-337.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Effect of the Social Welfare System on Metropolitan Migration in the US, by Income Group, Gender and Family Structure

Author

Listed:
  • Brian J. Cushing

    (Department of Economics and Regional Research Institute, West Virginia University, PO Box 6825 Morgantown, WV 26506-6825, USA)

Abstract

This research paper addresses some important issues regarding out-migration from and in-migration to metropolitan areas in the US, particularly the effect of the social welfare system on migration decisions. The primary focus is on migration by income group (poor versus non-poor), with a secondary focus on how gender and family status relate to migration. The results provide only very weak support for the hypothesis that social welfare benefits influence out-migration decisions (only of non-poor female-headed households), but moderate support for the effect of such benefits on in-migration decisions, especially of low-income and female-headed households.

Suggested Citation

  • Brian J. Cushing, 1993. "The Effect of the Social Welfare System on Metropolitan Migration in the US, by Income Group, Gender and Family Structure," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 30(2), pages 325-337, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:30:y:1993:i:2:p:325-337
    DOI: 10.1080/00420989320080321
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1080/00420989320080321
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1080/00420989320080321?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. DaVanzo, Julie, 1978. "Does Unemployment Affect Migration?-Evidence from Micro Data," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 60(4), pages 504-514, November.
    2. Shaw, R Paul, 1986. "Fiscal versus Traditional Market Variables in Canadian Migration," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 94(3), pages 648-666, June.
    3. Stephen M. Renas, 1980. "An Empirical Note on the Tiebout-Tullock Hypothesis: Comment," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 94(3), pages 619-623.
    4. Cebula, Richard J & Kohn, Robert M, 1975. "Public Policies and Migration Patterns in the United States," Public Finance = Finances publiques, , vol. 30(2), pages 186-196.
    5. Graves, Philip E. & Linneman, Peter D., 1979. "Household migration: Theoretical and empirical results," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 6(3), pages 383-404, July.
    6. Fields, Gary S, 1979. "Place-to-Place Migration: Some New Evidence," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 61(1), pages 21-32, February.
    7. McHugh, Kevin E, 1988. "Determinants of Black Interstate Migration, 1965-70 and 1975-80," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 22(1), pages 36-48, March.
    8. David E. Kaun, 1970. "Negro Migration and Unemployment," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 5(2), pages 191-207.
    9. Edward M. Gramlich & Deborah S. Laren, 1984. "Migration and Income Redistribution Responsibilities," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 19(4), pages 489-511.
    10. Blank, Rebecca M., 1988. "The effect of welfare and wage levels on the location decisions of female-headed households," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 186-211, September.
    11. Richard Cebula & James Koch, 1989. "Welfare policies and migration of the poor in the United States: An empirical note," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 61(2), pages 171-176, May.
    12. Richard J. Cebula, 1978. "An Empirical Note on the Tiebout-Tullock Hypothesis," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 92(4), pages 705-711.
    13. Cebula, Richard J, 1979. "A Survey of the Literature on the Migration-Impact of State and Local Government Policies," Public Finance = Finances publiques, , vol. 34(1), pages 69-84.
    14. Richard Cebula, 1974. "Local government policies and migration," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 85-93, September.
    15. Kaluzny, Richard L, 1975. "Determinants of Household Migration: A Comparative Study by Race and Poverty Level," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 57(3), pages 269-274, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Brian Cushing, 2005. "The Role of Welfare and Space in the Migration of the Poor," Working Papers Working Paper 2005-08, Regional Research Institute, West Virginia University.
    2. Brian Cushing & Jacques Poot, 2004. "Crossing boundaries and borders: Regional science advances in migration modelling," Advances in Spatial Science, in: Raymond J. G. M. Florax & David A. Plane (ed.), Fifty Years of Regional Science, pages 317-338, Springer.
    3. Gordon Jong & Deborah Graefe & Tanja St. Pierre, 2005. "Welfare reform and interstate migration of poor families," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 42(3), pages 469-496, August.
    4. repec:rri:wpaper:200508 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Socrates Karidis & Michael A. Quinn, 2006. "Fiscal harmonization and migration in the European Union," Brussels Economic Review, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, vol. 49(4), pages 333-352.
    6. Michael Craw, 2015. "The Effect of Fragmentation and Second-Order Devolution on Efficacy of Local Public Welfare Policy," Publius: The Journal of Federalism, CSF Associates Inc., vol. 45(2), pages 270-296.
    7. Aaron Jackson & David Ortmeyer & Michael Quinn, 2013. "Are immigrants really attracted to the welfare state? Evidence from OECD countries," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 10(4), pages 491-519, December.
    8. Keith Dowding & Peter John & Stephen Biggs, 1994. "Tiebout : A Survey of the Empirical Literature," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 31(4-5), pages 767-797, May.
    9. Shenghua Xie & Juan Chen & Veli-Matti Ritakallio & Xiangming Leng, 2021. "Welfare migration or migrant selection? Social insurance participation and rural migrants’ intentions to seek permanent urban settlement in China," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 58(10), pages 1983-2003, August.
    10. Li, Yan & Ye, Hang & Zhang, Hong, 2016. "Evolution of cooperation driven by social-welfare-based migration," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 445(C), pages 48-56.
    11. Kallandranis Christos & Karidis Socrates, 2014. "Assessing the Effect of the Consumer-Voter Sentiment on Tiebout-Like Migration: The EU 27 Case," Global Economy Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 14(1), pages 1-25, June.
    12. Karolina Kowalska & Wadim Strielkowski, 2013. "Propensity to Migration in the CEEC: Comparison of Migration Potential in the Czech Republic and Poland," Prague Economic Papers, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2013(3), pages 343-357.
    13. Ronald L. Whisler & Brigitte S. Waldorf & Gordon F. Mulligan & David A. Plane, 2008. "Quality of Life and the Migration of the College‐Educated: A Life‐Course Approach," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 39(1), pages 58-94, March.
    14. Daniel Felsenstein & Joseph Persky, 1999. "When is a Cost Really a Benefit? Local Welfare Effects and Employment Creation in the Evaluation of Economic Development Programs," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 13(1), pages 46-54, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Feld Lars P., 2000. "Fiskalischer Wettbewerb und Einkommensumverteilung," Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, De Gruyter, vol. 1(2), pages 181-198, May.
    2. Keith Dowding & Peter John & Stephen Biggs, 1994. "Tiebout : A Survey of the Empirical Literature," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 31(4-5), pages 767-797, May.
    3. Brian Cushing & Jacques Poot, 2004. "Crossing boundaries and borders: Regional science advances in migration modelling," Advances in Spatial Science, in: Raymond J. G. M. Florax & David A. Plane (ed.), Fifty Years of Regional Science, pages 317-338, Springer.
    4. Nakazawa, Katsuyoshi & 中澤, 克佳 & ナカザワ, カツヨシ & Kawase, Akihiro & 川瀬, 晃弘 & カワセ, アキヒロ, 2009. "An Empirical Analysis of the Welfare Magnet: Aged Care Provision and Migration in Japan," PIE/CIS Discussion Paper 412, Center for Intergenerational Studies, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    5. Katsuyoshi Nakazawa & Shumpei Yaoita & Akira Yokoyama, 2016. "Services for Child Care Support as Social Infrastructure: Impact on Birthrate and Migration of Children and Review of Best Practices," Public Policy Review, Policy Research Institute, Ministry of Finance Japan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-22, March.
    6. Brian Cushing, 2005. "The Role of Welfare and Space in the Migration of the Poor," Working Papers Working Paper 2005-08, Regional Research Institute, West Virginia University.
    7. repec:rri:wpaper:200508 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Gordon Jong & Deborah Graefe & Tanja St. Pierre, 2005. "Welfare reform and interstate migration of poor families," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 42(3), pages 469-496, August.
    9. Akihiro Kawase & Katsuyoshi Nakazawa, 2009. "Long-term Care Insurance Facilities and Interregional Migration of the Elderly in Japan," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 29(4), pages 2981-2995.
    10. Cebula, Richard, 1978. "The Determinants of Human Migration," MPRA Paper 58401, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Michael Craw, 2015. "The Effect of Fragmentation and Second-Order Devolution on Efficacy of Local Public Welfare Policy," Publius: The Journal of Federalism, CSF Associates Inc., vol. 45(2), pages 270-296.
    12. Kauffman, Kyle D. & Kiesling, L. Lynne, 1997. "Was there a nineteenth century welfare magnet in the United States?: Preliminary results from New York City and Brooklyn," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 439-448.
    13. Saving, Jason L., 1999. "Migration, labor-leisure choice, and Pareto suboptimal redistribution," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 29(5), pages 559-573, September.
    14. Katsuyoshi Nakazawa, 2012. "Welfare-Induced Migration of the Elderly in Japan - Gender differences in welfare migration patterns among the elderly," MAGKS Papers on Economics 201242, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Department of Economics (Volkswirtschaftliche Abteilung).
    15. Howard Chernick, 1998. "Fiscal Effects of Block Grants for the Needy: An Interpretation of the Evidence," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 5(2), pages 205-233, May.
    16. Ki R. Shim, 1982. "Differential White-Nonwhite Migration Sensitivities to Income Differentials: An Exploratory Note: A Comment," The American Economist, Sage Publications, vol. 26(2), pages 66-67, October.
    17. Phillip B. Levine & David J. Zimmerman, 1999. "An empirical analysis of the welfare magnet debate using the NLSY," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 12(3), pages 391-409.
    18. Andrés Rodríguez-Pose & Tobias D. Ketterer, 2012. "Do Local Amenities Affect The Appeal Of Regions In Europe For Migrants?," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(4), pages 535-561, October.
    19. Assaf Razin & Efraim Sadka & Benjarong Suwankiri, 2009. "Migration and the welfare state: Dynamic Political-Economy Theory," NBER Working Papers 14784, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    20. Richard Cebula & K. Avery, 1983. "The Tiebout hypothesis in the United States: An analysis of black consumer-voters, 1970–75," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 41(2), pages 307-310, January.
    21. McKinnish, Terra, 2007. "Welfare-induced migration at state borders: New evidence from micro-data," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(3-4), pages 437-450, April.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:30:y:1993:i:2:p:325-337. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.gla.ac.uk/departments/urbanstudiesjournal .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.