IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/sagope/v12y2022i3p21582440221121731.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Specifying the Domineering Role of Governance in the Long Term Environmental Excellence: A Case Study of Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Arif
  • Zhang Chenghu
  • Judit Olah
  • Khurram Shehzad
  • Mahmood Ahmad

Abstract

Pakistan is facing massive issues such as political instability, weak law enforcement, and corruption, leading to poor implementation of environmental policies. This research investigates the nexus among CO 2 emissions, energy consumption, financial development, governance index, and economic growth under the framework of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Moreover, the investigation also explores the impact of government effectiveness, voice and accountability, and regulatory quality from 1996Q4 to 2018Q4. The empirical statistics indicate that financial development and energy consumption incline environmental degradation, while the governance index negatively affects CO 2 emission. The results validate the presence of the EKC hypothesis in Pakistan. Besides, political stability, control of corruption, and Government effectiveness assist in curbing environmental degradation. Our findings suggest that there is a need to strengthen the institutions, and the Government of Pakistan should control the corrupt practices related to environmental policy implementation and strictly monitor the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (PAK-EPA).

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Arif & Zhang Chenghu & Judit Olah & Khurram Shehzad & Mahmood Ahmad, 2022. "Specifying the Domineering Role of Governance in the Long Term Environmental Excellence: A Case Study of Pakistan," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(3), pages 21582440221, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:12:y:2022:i:3:p:21582440221121731
    DOI: 10.1177/21582440221121731
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/21582440221121731
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/21582440221121731?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Abid, Mehdi, 2016. "Impact of economic, financial, and institutional factors on CO2 emissions: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa economies," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 85-94.
    2. Tamazian, Artur & Bhaskara Rao, B., 2010. "Do economic, financial and institutional developments matter for environmental degradation? Evidence from transitional economies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 137-145, January.
    3. Danish & Recep Ulucak, 2020. "The pathway toward pollution mitigation: Does institutional quality make a difference?," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(8), pages 3571-3583, December.
    4. Grossman, G.M & Krueger, A.B., 1991. "Environmental Impacts of a North American Free Trade Agreement," Papers 158, Princeton, Woodrow Wilson School - Public and International Affairs.
    5. Azmat Gani, 2012. "The Relationship Between Good Governance And Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Evidence From Developing Economies," Journal of Economic Development, Chung-Ang Unviersity, Department of Economics, vol. 37(1), pages 77-93, March.
    6. Gene M. Grossman & Alan B. Krueger, 1995. "Economic Growth and the Environment," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 110(2), pages 353-377.
    7. M. Hashem Pesaran & Yongcheol Shin & Richard J. Smith, 2001. "Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(3), pages 289-326.
    8. Zhang Chenghu & Muhammad Arif & Khurram Shehzad & Mahmood Ahmad & Judit Oláh, 2021. "Modeling the Dynamic Linkage between Tourism Development, Technological Innovation, Urbanization and Environmental Quality: Provincial Data Analysis of China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-21, August.
    9. Halkos, George E. & Tzeremes, Nickolaos G., 2013. "Carbon dioxide emissions and governance: A nonparametric analysis for the G-20," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 110-118.
    10. Engle, Robert & Granger, Clive, 2015. "Co-integration and error correction: Representation, estimation, and testing," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 39(3), pages 106-135.
    11. Acheampong, Alex O., 2019. "Modelling for insight: Does financial development improve environmental quality?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 156-179.
    12. Endre Harsányi & Bashar Bashir & Gafar Almhamad & Omar Hijazi & Mona Maze & Ahmed Elbeltagi & Abdullah Alsalman & Glory O. Enaruvbe & Safwan Mohammed & Szilárd Szabó, 2021. "GHGs Emission from the Agricultural Sector within EU-28: A Multivariate Analysis Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-18, October.
    13. Ayoub Zeraibi & Daniel Balsalobre-Lorente & Khurram Shehzad, 2021. "Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypotheses in Chinese Provinces: A Nexus between Regional Government Expenditures and Environmental Quality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-16, September.
    14. Muhammad, Bashir, 2019. "Energy consumption, CO2 emissions and economic growth in developed, emerging and Middle East and North Africa countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 232-245.
    15. Shaikh M. S. U. Eskander & Sam Fankhauser, 2020. "Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from national climate legislation," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 10(8), pages 750-756, August.
    16. Breusch, T S & Pagan, A R, 1979. "A Simple Test for Heteroscedasticity and Random Coefficient Variation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 47(5), pages 1287-1294, September.
    17. Fredriksson, Per G. & Svensson, Jakob, 2003. "Political instability, corruption and policy formation: the case of environmental policy," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(7-8), pages 1383-1405, August.
    18. Hanif, Imran & Faraz Raza, Syed Muhammad & Gago-de-Santos, Pilar & Abbas, Qaiser, 2019. "Fossil fuels, foreign direct investment, and economic growth have triggered CO2 emissions in emerging Asian economies: Some empirical evidence," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 493-501.
    19. Wen-Cheng Lu, 2018. "The impacts of information and communication technology, energy consumption, financial development, and economic growth on carbon dioxide emissions in 12 Asian countries," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 23(8), pages 1351-1365, December.
    20. Ulucak, Zübeyde Şentürk & İlkay, Salih Çağrı & Özcan, Burcu & Gedikli, Ayfer, 2020. "Financial globalization and environmental degradation nexus: Evidence from emerging economies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    21. Johansen, Soren, 1988. "Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 12(2-3), pages 231-254.
    22. Jiang, Yonghong & Jiang, Cheng & Nie, He & Mo, Bin, 2019. "The time-varying linkages between global oil market and China's commodity sectors: Evidence from DCC-GJR-GARCH analyses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 577-586.
    23. Danish, & Baloch, Muhammad Awais & Wang, Bo, 2019. "Analyzing the role of governance in CO2 emissions mitigation: The BRICS experience," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 119-125.
    24. Jaunky, Vishal Chandr, 2011. "The CO2 emissions-income nexus: Evidence from rich countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 1228-1240, March.
    25. Cole, Matthew A., 2007. "Corruption, income and the environment: An empirical analysis," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(3-4), pages 637-647, May.
    26. Judit Oláh & Eszter Krisán & Anna Kiss & Zoltán Lakner & József Popp, 2020. "PRISMA Statement for Reporting Literature Searches in Systematic Reviews of the Bioethanol Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-35, May.
    27. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Raghutla, Chandrashekar & Song, Malin & Zameer, Hashim & Jiao, Zhilun, 2020. "Public-private partnerships investment in energy as new determinant of CO2 emissions: The role of technological innovations in China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    28. Fujii, Hidemichi & Managi, Shunsuke, 2015. "Optimal production resource reallocation for CO2 emissions reduction in manufacturing sectors," MPRA Paper 64703, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    29. Bhattarai, Madhusudan & Hammig, Michael, 2001. "Institutions and the Environmental Kuznets Curve for Deforestation: A Crosscountry Analysis for Latin America, Africa and Asia," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 29(6), pages 995-1010, June.
    30. Abdul Rauf & Ilhan Ozturk & Fayyaz Ahmad & Khurram Shehzad & Abbas Ali Chandiao & Muhammad Irfan & Saira Abid & Li Jinkai, 2021. "Do Tourism Development, Energy Consumption and Transportation Demolish Sustainable Environments? Evidence from Chinese Provinces," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-23, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Haiqing Hu & Di Chen & Chun‐Ping Chang & Yin Chu, 2021. "The Political Economy Of Environmental Consequences: A Review Of The Empirical Literature," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 35(1), pages 250-306, February.
    2. Arminen, Heli & Menegaki, Angeliki N., 2019. "Corruption, climate and the energy-environment-growth nexus," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 621-634.
    3. Tang, Chor Foon & Abosedra, Salah & Naghavi, Navaz, 2021. "Does the quality of institutions and education strengthen the quality of the environment? Evidence from a global perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    4. Abid, Mehdi, 2016. "Impact of economic, financial, and institutional factors on CO2 emissions: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa economies," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 85-94.
    5. Panteli Maria & Delipalla Sofia, 2022. "The Impact of Institutions on Economic and Environmental Performance: Evidence From Europe," South East European Journal of Economics and Business, Sciendo, vol. 17(2), pages 125-141, December.
    6. Sudipa Majumdar & Cody Morris Paris, 2022. "Environmental Impact of Urbanization, Bank Credits, and Energy Use in the UAE—A Tourism-Induced EKC Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-14, June.
    7. Junaid Ashraf, 2022. "Do political risk and globalization undermine environmental quality? Empirical evidence from Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(8), pages 3647-3664, December.
    8. Zhang, Yu & Zhang, Sufang, 2018. "The impacts of GDP, trade structure, exchange rate and FDI inflows on China's carbon emissions," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 347-353.
    9. Alexandra-Anca Purcel, 2019. "Does Political Stability Hinder Pollution? Evidence From Developing States," Economic Research Guardian, Weissberg Publishing, vol. 9(2), pages 75-98, December.
    10. Le Hoang Phong & Dang Thi Bach Van & Ho Hoang Gia Bao, 2018. "The Role of Globalization on CO2 Emission in Vietnam Incorporating Industrialization, Urbanization, GDP per Capita and Energy Use," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 8(6), pages 275-283.
    11. Akintoye V. Adejumo & Simplice A. Asongu, 2019. "Foreign Direct Investment, Domestic Investment and Green Growth in Nigeria: Any Spillovers?," Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute. 19/078, African Governance and Development Institute..
    12. Halicioglu, Ferda, 2009. "An econometric study of CO2 emissions, energy consumption, income and foreign trade in Turkey," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 1156-1164, March.
    13. Ahmad, Najid & Du, Liangsheng, 2017. "Effects of energy production and CO2 emissions on economic growth in Iran: ARDL approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 521-537.
    14. Chao, Chi-Chur & Trinh, Cong Tam & Nguyen, Xuan, 2023. "Carbon neutrality and wage inequality in a sustainable economy: New evidence from business dynamism," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    15. Pal, Debdatta & Mitra, Subrata Kumar, 2017. "The environmental Kuznets curve for carbon dioxide in India and China: Growth and pollution at crossroad," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 39(2), pages 371-385.
    16. Aller, Carlos & Ductor, Lorenzo & Grechyna, Daryna, 2021. "Robust determinants of CO2 emissions," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    17. Quan-Hoang Vuong & Manh-Tung Ho & Hong-Kong To Nguyen & Minh-Hoang Nguyen, 2019. "The trilemma of sustainable industrial growth: evidence from a piloting OECD’s Green city," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 5(1), pages 1-14, December.
    18. Mahmood, Ahmad & Zahoor, Ahmed & Xiyue, Yang & Nazim, Hussain & Sinha, Avik, 2021. "Financial development and environmental degradation: Do human capital and institutional quality make a difference?," MPRA Paper 110039, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2021.
    19. Muhammad Bilal Khan & Hummera Saleem & Malik Shahzad Shabbir & Xie Huobao, 2022. "The effects of globalization, energy consumption and economic growth on carbon dioxide emissions in South Asian countries," Energy & Environment, , vol. 33(1), pages 107-134, February.
    20. Fredrick Oteng Agyeman & Ma Zhiqiang & Mingxing Li & Agyemang Kwasi Sampene & Malcom Frimpong Dapaah & Emmanuel Adu Gyamfi Kedjanyi & Paul Buabeng & Yiyao Li & Saifullah Hakro & Mohammad Heydari, 2022. "Probing the Effect of Governance of Tourism Development, Economic Growth, and Foreign Direct Investment on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Africa: The African Experience," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-24, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:12:y:2022:i:3:p:21582440221121731. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.