IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/engenv/v20y2009i4p533-551.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Refrigeration Equipment in Malaysia

Author

Listed:
  • R Saidur
  • MA Sattar
  • H.H. Masjuki
  • M.Y. Jamaluddin

Abstract

This paper presents an analysis of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from refrigeration equipment. The refrigeration equipments use refrigerants such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons HFCs, which are believed to contribute the ozone depletion and global warming. Refrigeration equipment thus contributes indirectly through emission due to electricity consumption and directly due to the emission of refrigerants. Greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the burning of fossil fuels are quantified and presented in this paper. The calculation was carried out based on emissions per unit electricity generated and the type of fuel used. The direct emission of refrigerant was calculated based on emission factor and according to the procedure of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), USA. A study was conducted to evaluate the refrigerant losses to the atmosphere and the CO 2 emission from fossil fuels to generate power to run the refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. In this paper, total appliance annual energy consumption by refrigerator-freezer and air conditioner as well as emission has been estimated for a period of 19 years (1997–2015) using the survey data. Energy savings and emission reductions achievable by raising thermostat set point temperature have been calculated for a period of 10 (i.e. 2005–2015) years.

Suggested Citation

  • R Saidur & MA Sattar & H.H. Masjuki & M.Y. Jamaluddin, 2009. "Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Refrigeration Equipment in Malaysia," Energy & Environment, , vol. 20(4), pages 533-551, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:engenv:v:20:y:2009:i:4:p:533-551
    DOI: 10.1260/095830509788707266
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1260/095830509788707266
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1260/095830509788707266?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lu, Wei, 2006. "Potential energy savings and environmental impact by implementing energy efficiency standard for household refrigerators in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(13), pages 1583-1589, September.
    2. Meyers, S & McMahon, J.E & McNeil, M & Liu, X, 2003. "Impacts of US federal energy efficiency standards for residential appliances," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(8), pages 755-767.
    3. Yamtraipat, N. & Khedari, J. & Hirunlabh, J. & Kunchornrat, J., 2006. "Assessment of Thailand indoor set-point impact on energy consumption and environment," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(7), pages 765-770, May.
    4. Schiellerup, P., 2002. "An examination of the effectiveness of the EU minimum standard on cold appliances: the British case," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 30(4), pages 327-332, March.
    5. Mahlia, T.M.I, 2002. "Emissions from electricity generation in Malaysia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 293-300.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Saidur, R. & Masjuki, H.H. & Jamaluddin, M.Y. & Ahmed, S., 2007. "Energy and associated greenhouse gas emissions from household appliances in Malaysia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1648-1657, March.
    2. Saidur, R. & Mahlia, T.M.I., 2010. "Energy, economic and environmental benefits of using high-efficiency motors to replace standard motors for the Malaysian industries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(8), pages 4617-4625, August.
    3. Tao, Jing & Yu, Suiran, 2011. "Implementation of energy efficiency standards of household refrigerator/freezer in China: Potential environmental and economic impacts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(5), pages 1890-1905, May.
    4. Young, Denise, 2008. "When do energy-efficient appliances generate energy savings? Some evidence from Canada," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 34-46, January.
    5. Saidur, R., 2009. "Energy consumption, energy savings, and emission analysis in Malaysian office buildings," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(10), pages 4104-4113, October.
    6. Shafie, S.M. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Masjuki, H.H., 2013. "Life cycle assessment of rice straw co-firing with coal power generation in Malaysia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 284-294.
    7. Al-Ghandoor, A. & Jaber, J.O. & Al-Hinti, I. & Mansour, I.M., 2009. "Residential past and future energy consumption: Potential savings and environmental impact," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(6-7), pages 1262-1274, August.
    8. Augustus de Melo, Conrado & de Martino Jannuzzi, Gilberto, 2010. "Energy efficiency standards for refrigerators in Brazil: A methodology for impact evaluation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(11), pages 6545-6550, November.
    9. Sharifah Nurain Syed Nasir & Norasikin Ahmad Ludin & Ahmad Afif Safwan Mohd Radzi & Mirratul Mukminah Junedi & Norhashimah Ramli & Anezah Marsan & Zul Fauzi Azlan Mohd & Muhamad Roszaini Roslan & Zulf, 2023. "Lockdown impact on energy consumption in university building," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(10), pages 12051-12070, October.
    10. Jing, Ong Li & Bashir, Mohammed J.K. & Kao, Jehng-Jung, 2015. "Solar radiation based benefit and cost evaluation for solar water heater expansion in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 328-335.
    11. Shi, Xunpeng, 2014. "Setting effective mandatory energy efficiency standards and labelling regulations: A review of best practices in the Asia Pacific region," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 135-143.
    12. Nazari, S. & Shahhoseini, O. & Sohrabi-Kashani, A. & Davari, S. & Sahabi, H. & Rezaeian, A., 2012. "SO2 pollution of heavy oil-fired steam power plants in Iran," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 456-465.
    13. Schleich, Joachim & Durand, Antoine & Brugger, Heike, 2021. "How effective are EU minimum energy performance standards and energy labels for cold appliances?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    14. Fischer, Carolyn, 2005. "On the importance of the supply side in demand-side management," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 165-180, January.
    15. Azmi, W.H. & Sharif, M.Z. & Yusof, T.M. & Mamat, Rizalman & Redhwan, A.A.M., 2017. "Potential of nanorefrigerant and nanolubricant on energy saving in refrigeration system – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 415-428.
    16. Nur Izzah Hamna A. Aziz & Marlia M. Hanafiah & Shabbir H. Gheewala & Haikal Ismail, 2020. "Bioenergy for a Cleaner Future: A Case Study of Sustainable Biogas Supply Chain in the Malaysian Energy Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-24, April.
    17. Boardman, Brenda, 2004. "New directions for household energy efficiency: evidence from the UK," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(17), pages 1921-1933, November.
    18. Teresa Smallbone, 2004. "Can ‘market transformation’ lead to ‘sustainable business’? A critical appraisal of the UK's strategy for sustainable business," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(2), pages 96-106, March.
    19. Gillingham, Kenneth & Newell, Richard G. & Palmer, Karen L., 2004. "Retrospective Examination of Demand-Side Energy Efficiency Policies," Discussion Papers 10477, Resources for the Future.
    20. Saidur, R. & Atabani, A.E. & Mekhilef, S., 2011. "A review on electrical and thermal energy for industries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(4), pages 2073-2086, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:engenv:v:20:y:2009:i:4:p:533-551. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.